Tetrachloroethene metabolism of Dehalospirillum multivorans

Neumann, Anke; Scholz-Muramatsu, Heidrun; Diekert, Gabriele

doi:10.1007/s002030050141

Cited by 31 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…S. multivorans (DSMZ 12446) (19) was grown under anaerobic conditions at 28°C in a pyruvate (40 mM)-and fumarate (40 mM)-containing medium (14). Rubber-stoppered serum glass bottles were used for cultivation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retentive Memory of Bacteria: Long-Term Regulation of Dehalorespiration in Sulfurospirillum multivorans

et al. 2009

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The gram-negative, strictly anaerobic epsilonproteobacterium Sulfurospirillum multivorans is able to gain energy from dehalorespiration with tetrachloroethene (perchloroethylene [PCE]) as a terminal electron acceptor. The organism can also utilize fumarate as an electron acceptor. Prolonged subcultivation of S. multivorans in the absence of PCE with pyruvate as an electron donor and fumarate as an electron acceptor resulted in a decrease of PCE dehalogenase (PceA) activity. Concomitantly, the pceA transcript level equally decreased as shown by reverse transcriptase PCR. (19). The organism utilizes pyruvate, hydrogen, or formate as an electron donor. When grown with hydrogen or formate as an electron donor and PCE as an electron acceptor, ATP synthesis is coupled to reductive dechlorination via electron transport phosphorylation (dehalorespiration) (8). The key enzyme of PCE utilization that converts PCE via TCE to cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cDCE) is the PCE reductive dehalogenase (PceA). Mature PceA is a monomeric enzyme harboring one norpseudovitamin B 12 and two Fe/S clusters as cofactors (12,15). The cytoplasmic precursor of the PCE dehalogenase (pre-PceA) bears an N-terminal signal peptide of 37 amino acids, including the motif SRRXFXK, which identifies pre-PceA as a substrate of the Tat (twin arginine translocation) protein export pathway (2). Mature PceA is localized in the periplasm, as shown by freeze fracture immunogold labeling techniques (9).The pce operon comprises pceA, the PCE dehalogenase gene, and pceB, encoding a putative membrane integral protein (16). Genes for transcriptional regulation of the pceAB genes are not found in a 6-kb DNA fragment including the pce operon (GenBank accession number AF022812).The ability of reductive dechlorination by anaerobic bacteria was found in phylogenetically distant species (8). Transcriptional regulation of dehalogenase gene expression was described for the 3-chloro-4-hydroxy-phenylacetate (Cl-OHPA) dehalogenase (CprA) of the gram-positive Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans. In this organism, the enzyme was strictly regulated by the absence or presence of the substrate. When the cultures were grown with alternative electron acceptors, such as fumarate or nitrate, CprA transcription ceased within the first subcultivation and was induced within less than 30 min (21). A CRP/FNR-like transcriptional activator, CprK, encoded within the cpr operon, was shown to interact with the DNA upstream of the cpr promoter region only when Cl-OHPA was bound to the protein (18). A direct role of CprK in the induction of dehalogenase gene expression in D. dehalogenans was assumed, and a model for transcriptional regulation of cprA expression was developed (13).While detailed information is available on the control of dehalogenase gene expression in D. dehalogenans grown in the presence of chlorinated aromatic compounds, such as Cl-OHPA, a transcriptional regulation of the PCE dehalogenase genes of Desulfitobacterium species has not been described so far (23). Tsukagoshi and coworker...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retentive Memory of Bacteria: Long-Term Regulation of Dehalorespiration in Sulfurospirillum multivorans

et al. 2009

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“…The following pure cultures were used in this study: Desulfuromonas michiganensis strain BB1 (DSM 15941, (4)), S. multivorans (DSM 12446, (5,6)), Geobacter lovleyi strain SZ (DSM 17278, (7)), and Desulfitobacterium sp. strain Viet1 (35,36).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3,4), Sulfurospirillum spp. (5,6), Geobacter lovleyi strain SZ (7), Desulfitobacterium spp. (8,9), Dehalobacter spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Evaluation and Mathematical Modeling of Microbially Enhanced Tetrachloroethene (PCE) Dissolution

Amos

Christ

Abriola

et al. 2006

Environ. Sci. Technol.

103

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Experiments to assess metabolic reductive dechlorination (chlororespiration) at high concentration levels consistent with the presence of free-phase tetrachloroethene (PCE) were performed using three PCE-to-cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-DCE) dechlorinating pure cultures (Sulfurospirillum multivorans, Desulfuromonas michiganensis strain BB1, and Geobacter lovleyi strain SZ) and Desulfitobacterium sp. strain Viet1, a PCE-to-trichloroethene (TCE) dechlorinating isolate. Despite recent evidence suggesting bacterial PCE-to-cis-DCE dechlorination occurs at or near PCE saturation (0.9-1.2 mM), all cultures tested ceased dechlorinating at ∼0.54 mM PCE. In the presence of PCE dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL), strains BB1 and SZ initially dechlorinated, but TCE and cis-DCE production ceased when aqueous PCE concentrations reached inhibitory levels. For S. multivorans, dechlorination proceeded at a rate sufficient to maintain PCE concentrations below inhibitory levels, resulting in continuous cis-DCE production and complete dissolution of the PCE DNAPL. A novel mathematical model, which accounts for loss of dechlorinating activity at inhibitory PCE concentrations, was developed to simultaneously describe PCE-DNAPL dissolution and reductive dechlorination kinetics. The model predicted that conditions corresponding to a bioavailability number (Bn) less than 1.25 × 10 -2 will lead to dissolution enhancement with the tested cultures, while conditions corresponding to a Bn greater than this threshold value can result in accumulation of PCE to inhibitory dissolved-phase levels, limiting PCE transformation and dissolution enhancement. These results suggest that microorganisms incapable of dechlorinating at high PCE concentrations can enhance the dissolution and transformation of PCE from free-phase DNAPL.

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“…containing basal mineral medium, as described by Neumann et al (21), supplemented with 0.1% peptone, 30 mM NaHCO 3 , and trace elements and vitamin solution as recommended by the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (Braunschweig, Germany). An electron donor and acceptor were added to a concentration of 20 mM from anaerobic stock solutions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Transcriptional Regulation of the cpr Gene Cluster in ortho -Chlorophenol-Respiring Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans

et al. 2000

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To characterize the expression and possible regulation of reductive dehalogenation in halorespiring bacteria, a 11.5-kb genomic fragment containing the o-chlorophenol reductive dehalogenase-encoding cprBA genes of the gram-positive bacterium Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans was subjected to detailed molecular characterization. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of eight designated genes with the order cprTKZEBACD and with the same polarity except for cprT. The deduced cprC and cprK gene products belong to the NirI/NosR and CRP-FNR families of transcription regulatory proteins, respectively. CprD and CprE are predicted to be molecular chaperones of the GroEL type, whereas cprT may encode a homologue of the trigger factor folding catalysts. Northern blot analysis, reverse transcriptase PCR, and primer extension analysis were used to elucidate the transcriptional organization and regulation of the cpr gene cluster. Results indicated halorespiration-specific transcriptional induction of the monocistronic cprT gene and the biscistronic cprBA and cprZE genes. Occasional read-through at cprC gives rise to a tetracistronic cprBACD transcript. Transcription of cprBA was induced 15-fold upon addition of the o-chlorophenolic substrate 3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid within 30 min with concomitant induction of dehalogenation activity. Putative regulatory protein binding motifs that to some extent resemble the FNR box were identified in the cprT-cprK and cprK-cprZ intergenic regions and the promoter at cprB, suggesting a role for FNR-like CprK in the control of expression of the cprTKZEBACD genes.Halorespiring bacteria have received increasing attention during the last decade, as they are able to couple the reductive dehalogenation of a large variety of halogenated aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons to energy conservation and hence to microbial growth. These compounds are present in the environment as a consequence of their past and present application in industry and agriculture and because of natural production, compromising environmental integrity and health (14,15). Halorespiring bacteria are believed to play an important role in the in situ bioremediation of soil and groundwater polluted with halogenated hydrocarbons. The ability to perform halorespiration appears to be widespread throughout the Bacteria, as halorespiring bacteria have been found in the groups of low-GϩC-content gram-positive bacteria, green nonsulfur bacteria, and ␦ and ε proteobacteria (9). Among these, the grampositive genus Desulfitobacterium comprises a major group of isolates. The versatile Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans has been isolated because of its ability to use o-halogenated phenolic compounds as terminal electron acceptors in an anaerobic respiratory chain with lactate, pyruvate, formate, and molecular hydrogen as electron donors (38). Recently, the reductive dehalogenation of tetrachloroethene and hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls by the halorespirational system of D. dehalogenans has been reported (42).In order to understa...

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Tetrachloroethene metabolism of Dehalospirillum multivorans

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Retentive Memory of Bacteria: Long-Term Regulation of Dehalorespiration in Sulfurospirillum multivorans

Retentive Memory of Bacteria: Long-Term Regulation of Dehalorespiration in Sulfurospirillum multivorans

Experimental Evaluation and Mathematical Modeling of Microbially Enhanced Tetrachloroethene (PCE) Dissolution

Transcriptional Regulation of the cpr Gene Cluster in ortho -Chlorophenol-Respiring Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans

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