“…Immediate injury is caused by physical damage to neural tissue from the penetrating weapon, in-driven bone frag- ment(s), vascular injury, or a contrecoup mechanism. 34, 37,46 Delayed onset of neurological deficits may result from a retained weapon or fragment(s) of one, 9,16,20,22,26 infection (meningitis or abscess), 8,12 edema, 4 CSF leak, 1 granuloma formation, 29 or iron encrustation. 46 The prognosis for immediate injury and the potential for delayed-onset deficits may be influenced by various aspects of patient management.…”