TeV mini black hole decay at future colliders

Abstract

Abstract. It is generally believed that mini black holes decay by emitting elementary particles with a black body energy spectrum. The original calculation lead to the conclusion that about the 90% of the black hole mass is radiated away in the form of photons, neutrinos and light leptons, mainly electrons and muons.With the advent of String Theory, such a scenario must be updated by including new effects coming from the stringy nature of particles and interactions. The main modifications with respect to the original picture of black hole evaporation come from recent developments of non-perturbative String Theory globally referred to as TeVScale Gravity. By taking for granted that black holes can be produced in hadronic collisions, then their decay must take into account that: (i) we live in a D3-Brane embedded into an higher dimensional bulk spacetime; (ii) fundamental interactions, including gravity, are unified at TeV energy scale. Thus, the formal description of the Hawking radiation mechanism has to be extended to the case of more than four spacetime dimensions and include the presence of D-branes. This kind of topological defect in the bulk spacetime fabric acts as a sort of " cosmic fly-paper " trapping Electro-weak Standard Model elementary particles in our (3 + 1)-dimensional universe. Furthermore, unification of fundamental interactions at an energy scale many order of magnitude lower than the Planck energy implies that any kind of fundamental particle, not only leptons, is expected to be emitted.A detailed understanding of the new scenario is instrumental for optimal tuning of detectors at future colliders, where, hopefully, this exciting new physics will be tested.In this article we review higher dimensional black hole decay, considering not only the emission of particles according to Hawking mechanism, but also their near horizon QED/QCD interactions. The ultimate motivation is to build up a phenomenologically reliable scenario, allowing a clear experimental signature of the event.

Noncommutative Black Holes, the Final Appeal to Quantum Gravity: A Review

“…Indeed, in the next few months d we could be very close to having revolutionary experimental evidence for both particle phenomenology and gravitational physics: the detection of some signature of the production of mini black holes 38-40 that are predicted to be produced as a result of high energy hadronic collisions. According to theory, decay of a mini black hole would lead to the sudden emission of a huge quantity of particles independently of their spin, charge, quantum numbers or interaction properties, as long as their rest mass is smaller than the black hole temperature 41 . Therefore mini black holes may be excellent intermediate states for long-sought but yet undiscovered particles, like the Higgs boson or supersymmetric particles, possibly with cross sections much larger than for the direct processes.…”

Hawking Radiation from Higher-Dimensional Black Holes

“…The literature on this subject is vast and so we cannot claim to do all aspects justice. The reviews [12,26,27,28,29] contain further discussion of results which space does not permit us to include. In the RS brane-world [20,21], analysis of the Hawking radiation is more challenging because no exact metric describing a five-dimensional black hole localised on the brane is known in general -for a more detailed discussion of this topic, see the reviews [30,31,32].…”

Mini‐review on mini‐black holes from the mini‐Big Bang

“…The discrepancy between the two temperatures explains why the actual BH emission is dominated by hadrons, which result from parton fragmentation. Specifically, one can estimate that the secondary emission consists of 60% quarks, 15% gluons, 10% leptons, 6% weak bosons, 5% neutrinos, 1% photons and smaller fractions of invisible neutrinos, gravitons as well as new particles around 100 GeV (Casanova & Spallucci 2006). In the end, the original Hawking spectrum becomes an effective black body spectrum with a temperature lower than T H .…”