Text Cover Steganography Using Font Color of the Invisible Characters and Optimized Primary Color-intensities

Rabevohitra, Feno Heriniaina; Li, Yantao

doi:10.1109/icct46805.2019.8947188

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The arrangement of the data and text in the document defines the structure of the content of the document.xml. In contrast to [1], the number of tags available for secret message encoding does not forcefully increase as the number of words in the document grows. Table 2 reports the embedding capacity of two covers of different sizes.…”

Section: Embedding Capacitymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Unlike [1] and all similar works that are entirely relying on the structural modifications not having explicit visual modification on the content of the Word file cover, drastic changes are often noticed being applied to the document.xml file. These changes, frequently not being unnoticed to the eyes of an expert (like Eve), have not been considered in most of the previous works.…”

Section: Structural Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These text files can be embedded with formatting, images, audio files, and video files. Text content formatting is a basic functionality used in different steganographic schemes, such as font color manipulations [1], and font size and word spacing variations [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The secret is written within the content, but is not visible to the human eyes (e.g., spaces, invisible characters, and tab) [3,4]. Despite the early work is initiated by Khairullah et al in 2009 [5] in this regard, and later are investigated by Por et al in 2012 [6], Bhaya et al in 2013, Rabevohitra in 2019 [1], all the recorded steganography techniques based on the same type of cover medium, to the best of our knowledge, are making drastic changes to the cover medium. They focus on the cover's visual appearance, and the lack of scientifically sounded methods to prove these schemes' resistance to steganalysis is missing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Text Steganography Using Unseen Tag Attribute Values

Rabevohitra

2020

Communications in Computer and Information Science

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Apart from an effective steganography scheme, it is vital to have an abundance of cover medium while considering the practicability of a stego-system. Aside from images, document files are one of the most exchanged attached content via electronic mailings. In this paper, we present a structural steganographic scheme based on unseen tag attribute values using office documents as the medium. Specifically, we use the XML file that builds the core of the file documents to vehiculate the message. The secret is not visible within the text content, and the stego file size is not far from the cover size. We are among the first to investigate the unseen tag identifier within the cover document to hide the secret message. We assess the performance of the proposed scheme in terms of the invisibility, embedding capacity, robustness, and security. The performance results show the advantage of a higher capacity embedding and a better flexibility while keeping high practicability in terms of accessibility and implementation.

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Section: Embedding Capacitymentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Structural Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Text Steganography Using Unseen Tag Attribute Values

Rabevohitra

2020

Communications in Computer and Information Science

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“…One method for securing information is steganography [2]. There are several types of steganography based on the covers used for camouflaging secret messages such as audio steganography [3], text steganography [4,5,6], image steganography [7,8], and video steganography [9,10]. Steganography can be classified as noisy [7,9] and noiseless [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing The Capacity of Headstega Based on Bitwise Operation

Hasmawati

Barmawi

2021

Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informasi

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Headstega (Head steganography) is a noiseless steganography that used email headers as a cover for concealing messages. However, it has less embedding capacity and it raises suspicion. For overcoming the problem, bitwise operation is proposed. In the proposed method, the message was embedded into the cover by converting the message and the cover into binary representation based on a mapping table that was already known by the sender and the receiver. Furthermore, XOR bitwise operations were applied to the secret message and cover bits based on random numbers that were generated using a modular function. Moreover, the result was converted into characters that represent the secret message bits. After embedding the message into the cover, an email alias was generated to camouflage the secret message characters. Finally, the sender sends the embedded cover and the email alias to the recipient. Using the proposed method, the embedding capacity is 89% larger than using the original Headstega. For reducing the adversary’s suspicion, the existing email address was used instead of creating a new email address.

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