Textile assistants in the manufacture of synthetic fibres

The Role of Oiling Agents in Modern processes of Producing Chemical Fibres and Filled Polymer Materials

“…The lubricants entering the composition of the OA give the threads and fibres smoothness, lubricity, and uniformity of friction. The application of surfactants as emulsifiers in the composition of OAs [3] additionally promotes the creation of the optimum stable dispersion of OAs, better wetting of the surface of the fibres by the OAs, and their easy removal from the fibres, which is necessary for subsequent activation of the surface of the fillers (fibres, roving, fabrics) for successful combination with the binder in the production of composite materials. The correct selection of the lubricants and surfactants not only guarantees an improvement in the structure and properties of the spun fibres but also improves their processability, and is an effective means of increasing the rate of the processes of spinning, drawing, and textile processing.…”

“…As regards designation, OAs for the production, in particular, of synthetic fibres can be divided into two main types [3]: OAs for the spinning of threads from a polymer melt (spinning OAs) and finishing OAs applied to the final thread.…”

“…Here, the most important parameters of the OA are the friction properties, which must be optimum, i.e. must ensure a rupture-free drawing process at each thread transition, the required level of physicomechanical properties of the drawn thread, and no slippage of threads from the packages [3][4][5].…”

“…In a number of studies [1][2][3][4][5] it has been noted that nonionogenic surfactants, primarily oxyethylated derivatives of higher fatty alcohols and acids, have been most widely used in the composition of OAs. In particular, use is made of polyglycol esters of fatty acids: The advantages of non-ionogenic surfactants are their high emulsifying and wetting power, their low toxicity, and their compatibility with anionic surfactants and cationic surfactants.…”

“…Large-tonnage processes realised by different methods include processes of production of polyamide (PA) and polyester (PE) textile threads [1][2][3]. Such threads are produced by the classical scheme with separate stages of spinning, drawing, and texturing at a spinning rate of up to 1500 m/min.…”