Textile Based Three-Layer Robust Flexible and Stable Electrochromic Display

Abstract

The textile-based electrochromic (EC) display which has been developed and presented in this article, is very compact, robust, flexible, stable, efficient, economical, and inclined to biocompatibility. The developed textile display is having only three-layer over conventional seven layers patented electrochromic structures. It is also very efficient, as it can perform its functionality even after 2500 cycles of a run and 1500 times of bending. The innovative and simplified structure of the EC device has been developed with only 3 layers, including the displaying electrode, the electrolyte container, and the counter electrode. The conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS used here as a conductive and electrochromic material, is coated on the textile substrate to perform as one side of the electrode for the asymmetric arrangement of the electrochromic device. The experiment has also been done to find out the best possible textile fabric to serve as the optimal electrochromic container. The biocompatible H3PO4 gel drenched in the semi-permeable membrane has been used as an ion transfer medium for the electrochromic display. This biocompatible ion transfer medium is sandwiched in between the electrochromic displaying electrode (PEDOT:PSS coated on fabric) and aluminum sheet (counter electrode) for making this handmade crude electrochromic display. The investigation of the EC display functioning has been observed through cyclic voltammetry within the life cycle run. The performance of the device has also been investigated in real-life conditions, by providing just ±2.0 V DC power. The other possibility is shown in our article to deposit the PEDOT:PSS compound on the textile substrate was to coat directly the yarns and then to use them into the weaving process to produce the displaying electrode. By this technique, it would also be possible to develop hybrid displays made of structures containing knitted or woven side-emitting optical fibers and our electrochromic display structure, locally.

Wearable electrochromic materials and devices: from visible to infrared modulation

“…EC textiles have a long life cycle as they can run up to 2500 cycles without degradation and are highly flexible and robust as they can function properly even after 1500 times bending cycles. 75…”

“…EC textiles have a long life cycle as they can run up to 2500 cycles without degradation and are highly flexible and robust as they can function properly even after 1500 times bending cycles. 75 Viologens (1,1 0 -substituted-4,4 0 -pygidium salt) are representative materials of organic small molecular EC materials, with the advantages of multicolour, high stability, and high optical modulation. 50 The viologens exhibit various colours depending on the forms and chain lengths of the substituents.…”

Research progress in conductive polymer-based electrochromic fabrics

“…On the other hand, the H 3 PO 4 gel electrolyte containing H þ can have high mobility while ensuring biocompatibility. Therefore, Dubey et al 76 used a fabric impregnated with PEDOT-PSS and an aluminum sheet as electrodes and a semi-permeable membrane impregnated with H 3 PO 4 gel electrolyte as an electrolyte layer to assemble CP-ECFs with a layered structure. As a result, the CP-ECFs have good biocompatibility, short response time, and low driving voltage (2.0 V) and still maintain high electrochromic performance after 1500 bends with excellent stability, as shown in Figure 11(g).…”

Effect of supporting electrolyte on capacitance and morphology of electrodeposited poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) derivatives bearing reactive functional groups

“…9 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is characterized by its low oxidation potential due to the electron-donating oxygen atoms, a moderate band gap, high number of π-conjugation because of the rigidity of the ethylene bridge, decent conductivity, high environmental stability and reversible switching between oxidized and reduced state. PEDOT has been commercialized as an aqueous polymeric dispersion using poly(styrenesulfonic acid) as dopant, 10 leading to various applications in electrochromic devices, 11,12 organic electronics, 13,14 solar cells, 15 sensors, 16,17 actuators, 18 biomedical engineering and bioelectronics, 19,20 thermoelectric materials, 21,22 and supercapacitors. [23][24][25] Deposition of PEDOT onto Pt from ACN in the presence of ClO 4…”