Textile-integrated metamaterials for near-field multibody area networks

Hajiaghajani, Amirhossein; Zargari, Amir Hosein Afandizadeh; Dautta, Manik; Jimenez, Abel; Kurdahi, Fadi; Tseng, Peter

doi:10.1038/s41928-021-00663-0

Cited by 74 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In addition to several transduction mechanisms we reviewed, flexible sensors based on novel functional materials and sensing mechanisms have been proposed recently in the applications of wearable electronics. For instance, ultrastretchable ultrasonic sensors, [23,187] optoelectric-technique-based sensors, [188][189][190][191][192] potentiometric sensors, [193] liquid metal particles, [194][195][196] textile-based sensors, [197][198][199][200] hydrogels, [201][202][203] etc. However, all the mentioned wearable sensors are generally vulnerable to the body motion artifact leading to inaccurate diagnosis and misinterpretation, which is mainly ascribed to the weak adhesion or poor conformability, and thus inconsistent interfaces between the devices and human skins.…”

Section: Future Materials and Structural Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Pressure Sensors for Pulse Wave Monitoring

et al. 2022

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Furthermore, by 2030 this number is expected to rise steadily to 23.6 million. [2] Despite such high mortality rates, most CVD, [3,4] including arteriosclerosis, [5,6] diabetes, [7][8][9][10] myocardial infarction, [11,12] coronary heart disease, [13,14] and hypertension, [15][16][17][18] can be prevented and treated through early diagnosis and long-term monitoring of physiological signaling. Conventional health systems suffer from deficiencies in wearability, wireless technology, lifespan, and stability to maintain a long-term collection of clinical-grade individual health metrics for accurate diagnosis. [19][20][21] As such, promoting the utility of Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled technology in personalized healthcare is still significantly impeded by the need for costeffective and wearing-comfort biomedical devices to continuously provide real-time patient-generated health data. Over the past several decades, significant advances in wearable pressure sensors have been observed, allowing them to noninvasively and continuously detect human physiological and pathological signals. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] These biomedical metrics can then be used to evaluate cardiovascular conditions, providing a personalized health care system with better health outcomes, increased user-friendliness, greater quality, and cost-effectiveness that are essential to reducing CVD incidence and mortality. [36][37][38][39] Pulse waves are prominent component of human physiological signaling and involve abundant human-health information that can reveal individual conditions, including heart problems (such as arrhythmia), blood pressure, vascular aging, exercise, medication, and sleep status. [40][41][42][43][44][45] Although physical symptoms are often elusively observed in their early stages, they can be diagnosed through subtle pulsewave changes. Preventive action of CVDs can be taken by differentiating the variance of pulse waveforms with consideration of participants' age, gender, weight, and daily diet. [46][47][48][49] Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has proposed empirical approaches to analyze human physical state from pulse waves, rendering pulse wave surveillance unavoidable for TCM. [50,51] TCM is unable to continuously monitor pulse waves, limiting the accuracy of the assessment results. As such, empirical diagnostic methods may profoundly depend on the experiences of the practitioner, the emotions of the participant, and the external environment, resulting in the administration of distorted or problematic treatment. [52] Additionally, the diagnostic results among practitioners are Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide. The rapid development of flexible sensing technologies and wearable pressure sensors have attracted keen research interest and have been widely used for longterm and real-time cardiovascular status monitoring. Owing to compelling characteristics, including light weight, wearing comfort, and high sensitivity to pulse pressures, physiological pulse ...

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Section: Future Materials and Structural Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Pressure Sensors for Pulse Wave Monitoring

et al. 2022

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“…Flexible electronics represented by electronic skin (E‐skin) have aroused extensive interest in multiple application scenarios, such as wearable electronics, [ 1,2 ] epidermal electronics, [ 3,4 ] robotic skin, [ 5,6 ] etc. While substantial achievements in this field have been dominated by a focus on sensing performance, there are only a few studies aimed at improving the robustness and survivability of practical applications in unpredictable and uncontrolled environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Snakeskin‐Inspired, Soft‐Hinge Kirigami Metamaterial for Self‐Adaptive Conformal Electronic Armor

et al. 2022

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A majority of soft‐body creatures evolve armor or shells to protect themselves. Similar protection demand is for flexible electronics working in complex environments. Existing works mainly focus on improving the sensing capabilities such as electronic skin (E‐skin). Inspired by snakeskin, a novel electronic armor (E‐armor) is proposed, which not only possesses mechanical flexibility and electronic functions similar to E‐skin, but is also able to protect itself and the underlying soft body from external physical damage. The geometry of the kirigami mechanical metamaterial (Kiri‐MM) ensures auxetic stretchability and meanwhile large areal coverage for sufficient protection. Moreover, to suppress the inherent but undesired out‐of‐plane buckling of conventional Kiri‐MMs for conformal applications, soft hinges are used to form a distinct soft (hinges)‐rigid (tiles) configuration. Analytical, computational, and experimental studies of the mechanical behaviors of the soft‐hinge Kiri‐MM E‐armor demonstrate the merits of this design, i.e., stretchability, conformability, and protectability, as applied to flexible electronics. Deploying a conductive soft material at the hinges enables facile wiring strategies for large‐scale circuit arrays. Functional E‐armor systems for controllable display and sensing purposes provide simple examples of a wide spectrum of applications of this concept.

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“…However, existing wearable rectennas will inevitably be limited in the DC power level they can generate, owing to human body absorption as well as the regulations on maximum Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) and Specific Absoprtion Rate (SAR) levels [12]. Therefore, near-field magnetic resonance (MR) WPT has been widely investigated using flexible and textile materials, for efficient WPT over a few milliwatts [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband Compact Substrate-Independent Textile Wearable Antenna for Simultaneous Near- and Far-Field Wireless Power Transmission

Wagih

Komolafe

Weddell

et al. 2022

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

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Despite an increasing interest in wearable wireless power transmission (WPT), until now, wearable antennas have been unable to simultaneously harvest from near-field resonant and far-field radiative WPT. Here, a dual-port antenna is proposed, integrating an inductive coil with a broadband monopole for near-and far-field wearable WPT. The coil acts simultaneously as a High Frequency (HF) near-field power receiver and an Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) resonator, enabling the miniaturization of the enclosed broadband monopole, both fabricated using all-textile conductors. On-body, the antenna maintains a 10 dB return loss over a measured 135% fractional bandwidth while maintaining compactness (0.312×0.312λ 2 ). The antenna is substrate-independent and is demonstrated on two textile substrates with different dielectric properties and thicknesses. In far-field mode, the rectenna maintains over 40% efficiency from sub-1 µW/cm 2 power densities. In the near-field, a WPT efficiency up to 80% can be achieved. The simulated Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) shows up to 40 and 20 dBm power reception for HF and UHF operation, respectively, without exceeding the 1.7 W/kg limit. The far-field wearable rectenna is demonstrated powering a Bluetooth Low Energy node using a BQ25504 DC-DC converter from a best-in-class low power density of 0.88 and 0.55 µW/cm 2 on-body and in-space, respectively.

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Textile-integrated metamaterials for near-field multibody area networks

Cited by 74 publications

References 30 publications

Wearable Pressure Sensors for Pulse Wave Monitoring

Wearable Pressure Sensors for Pulse Wave Monitoring

A Snakeskin‐Inspired, Soft‐Hinge Kirigami Metamaterial for Self‐Adaptive Conformal Electronic Armor

Broadband Compact Substrate-Independent Textile Wearable Antenna for Simultaneous Near- and Far-Field Wireless Power Transmission

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