Textile strain sensors: a review of the fabrication technologies, performance evaluation and applications

Seyedin, Shayan; Zhang, Peng; Naebe, Maryam; Qin, Si; Chen, Jun; Wang, Xungai; Razal, Joselito M.

doi:10.1039/c8mh01062e

Cited by 342 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…In textile‐based resistive strain sensors, the layer of textile electrode from active materials functions as a resistor when a voltage is applied, and the resistance alters according to the magnitude of the applied strain. The resistance change ( R ) can be affected by the geometric change (area A or length L ) of the textile electrode layer during deformation, or by the piezoresistive behavior, namely change in resistivity ( ρ ) (or conductivity) of the active materials (Equation )

R = \frac{ρ L}{A}

…”

Section: Textile‐based Strain Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the capacitive strain sensors are subjected to a direct current (DC) voltage, a capacitance ( C ) is achieved with opposite charges accumulated on two textile electrodes since the dielectric prevents the current flow from going across the textile electrodes. The capacitance ( C ) is dependent on the parallel area of the textile electrodes ( A ), the distance between two textile electrodes ( d ), and the relative permittivity of the dielectric ( ε ), which can be expressed in Equation

C = \frac{ε A}{d}

…”

Section: Textile‐based Strain Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To evaluate sensor properties, sensing range is an important parameter that is used, and it refers to a strain range within which this sensor can efficiently work. In addition, gauge factor (GF) is used to indicate the sensitivity of strain sensor, which is expressed by Equation :

GF = \frac{normalΔ R / R_{0}}{ε} = \frac{normalΔ C / C_{0}}{ε}

where ɛ is the applied strain ratio, ∆R and ∆C are the resistance and capacitance change during stretching, respectively. R 0 and C 0 are the initial resistance and capacitance of the strain sensor, respectively.…”

Section: Textile‐based Strain Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Textile‐Based Strain Sensor for Human Motion Detection

Wang

Zhang

2019

Energy & Environ Materials

203

109

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Human motion analysis consists of real‐time monitoring and recording of human body's kinematics. It is very essential to track ambulatory and daily‐life human motion, which is crucial for many applications and disciplines. Electronic textiles (e‐textiles) afford a valid alternative to traditional solid‐state sensors due to their merits of low cost, lightweight, flexibility, and feasibility to fit various human bodies. In this mini‐review, textile‐based sensor platforms and human motion analysis are well discussed in Section 1. Second, theoretical principles of textile‐based strain sensors are introduced including resistive, capacitive, and piezoelectrical sensors. Section 3 focuses on various types of textile materials that are functionalized as sensing systems by intrinsic or extrinsic modifications. Section 4 summaries various types of e‐textile‐based strain sensors for human motion analysis. The final two sections mainly present perspectives and challenges, and conclusions, respectively.

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R = \frac{ρ L}{A}

…”

Section: Textile‐based Strain Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

C = \frac{ε A}{d}

…”

Section: Textile‐based Strain Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

GF = \frac{normalΔ R / R_{0}}{ε} = \frac{normalΔ C / C_{0}}{ε}

Section: Textile‐based Strain Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Textile‐Based Strain Sensor for Human Motion Detection

Wang

Zhang

2019

Energy & Environ Materials

203

109

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“…[ 1–3 ] Strain sensor, which can convert physical deformation into measurable signals, has a wide range of applications including software robots, human‐computer interaction, and human health monitoring. [ 4,5 ] Traditional strain sensors based on metal and semiconducting materials have several disadvantages of poor stretchability and unstable electrical conductivity during deformation. Flexible strain sensors in the form of fibers, yarns, fabrics, or films are regarded as the ideal solutions to overcome the problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, two methods have been employed to obtain fiber‐based flexible strain sensors. [ 4 ] One is to fabricate conductive fibers by various spinning technologies including melt spinning, wet spinning, or electrospinning. [ 11–15 ] The other is to deposit conductive layers containing conductive fillers on the surface of fibers by in‐situ chemical polymerization, vapor‐phase polymerization, dip coating, spray coating, roller coating, and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Stretchable and Sensitive SBS/Graphene Composite Fiber for Strain Sensors

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2020

Macro Materials & Eng

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Flexible strain sensors have attracted tremendous interests due to the emergence of intelligent wearable technology. Electrically conductive fibers are desirable candidates for flexible strain sensors, but up til now, there still exist enormous challenges to obtain conductive fibers exhibiting simultaneously high stretchability and high strain sensitivity. This paper introduces a poly (styrene‐butadiene‐styrene) (SBS)/graphene (Gr) composite fiber‐based flexible strain sensor fabricated by a facile and highly scalable wet spinning method. The results demonstrate that the graphene content has significant influence on the morphology, mechanical properties, and electromechanical properties of the composite fibers. The fibers with 5 wt% graphene have a wide response range of up to 100% strain, a high electrical sensitivity with the gauge factor of 10083.98 at 100% strain, and meanwhile, a high level of stability for 2100 stretching–releasing cycles under an applied strain of 20%. Furthermore, the SBS‐5%Gr composite fibers display excellent sensing performance in detecting human upper limb movements at different joints including hand joints, wrist joints, elbow joints, and shoulder joints.

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Recent Progress in Flexible Pressure Sensors Based Electronic Skin

2021

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In recent years, implantable electronics, electronic skin (e-skin), and flexible wearable devices have been developed due to their extensive applications in health monitoring, intelligent robots, and human disease treatment. Tactile sensors are the keys necessary to build skin-inspired electronics. This article reviews the latest progress of e-skin-based flexible pressure sensors, such as piezoresistivity, capacitance, triboelectricity, and piezoelectricity from 2018 up to now. The working principles, structure design, active materials, and performance of numerous flexible pressure sensors are covered in detail. Finally, insights are provided and challenges and future perspectives of flexible pressure sensors in practical applications are discussed.

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Textile strain sensors: a review of the fabrication technologies, performance evaluation and applications

Abstract: Strain sensors that are made of textiles offer wearability and large strain sensing range. Recent exciting developments in material, structure, fabrication, performance, and application of textile strain sensors are evaluated and guidelines are provided to overcome the current challenges.

Cited by 342 publications

References 123 publications

Textile‐Based Strain Sensor for Human Motion Detection

Textile‐Based Strain Sensor for Human Motion Detection

Highly Stretchable and Sensitive SBS/Graphene Composite Fiber for Strain Sensors

Recent Progress in Flexible Pressure Sensors Based Electronic Skin

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