Textiles screen‐printed with photochromic ethyl cellulose–spirooxazine composite nanoparticles

Feczkó, Tivadar; Samu, Krisztián; Wenzel, Klára; Neral, Branko; Vončina, Bojana

doi:10.1111/j.1478-4408.2012.00404.x

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The additives selected were hindered amine light stabilisers (HALS), Tinuvin 144 and Tinuvin 770, which were found to give the most beneficial effects in stabilising the photochromic dyes printed onto textiles, and a UV absorber, Tinuvin P, which provides a relatively broad range of UV absorption [12]. However, the effect of additives that delay photochromic fatigue in textiles screen printed with ethyl cellulose-spirooxazine composite nanoparticles has been investigated, and the improvement provided by HALS reported [23,24]. However, the effect of additives that delay photochromic fatigue in textiles screen printed with ethyl cellulose-spirooxazine composite nanoparticles has been investigated, and the improvement provided by HALS reported [23,24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textile applications of commercial photochromic dyes. Part 6: photochromic polypropylene fibres

Little

Christie

2016

Coloration Technology

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Two commercial photochromic dyes, a spirooxazine and a napthopyran, were successfully incorporated into polypropylene fibres by melt extrusion to produce fibres that showed intense photochromism. The technical performance of the photochromic dyes was investigated using a methodological approach that has been established and validated for the dyes applied by screen printing onto textiles in previous publications in this series. These parallel investigations allowed a comparison of the properties of the dyes in polypropylene and screen printed on cotton. The photocolorability of both dyes was found to be significantly higher in polypropylene compared with screen prints on cotton when applied at the same dye concentration. Of particular interest was the observation of positive solvatochromism, providing evidence that the photochromism is due to the colorants in solution in both media. The colour development rates during UV exposure of the dyes applied by screen printing cotton and by extrusion into polypropylene were similar. However, differences were observed in the thermal fading rates after removal of the UV source, in that the spirooxazine dye reverted more slowly in polypropylene, while the reverse was true in the case of the naphthopyran. Both dyes showed better photostability in polypropylene than in screen-printed textiles. A UV absorber and two hindered amine light stabilisers were found significantly to enhance the photostability of the dyes in polypropylene, although the presence of the UV absorber reduced the degree of photocoloration.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textile applications of commercial photochromic dyes. Part 6: photochromic polypropylene fibres

Little

Christie

2016

Coloration Technology

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“…The varying dye concentration did not significantly influence the size of the nanocapsules, which was 250 nm and 220 nm for poly(methyl methacrylate) and ethyl cellulose, respectively. Furthermore, the UV-vis absorbance of the dye increased linearly with its concentration in both polymers; that is, the dye did not aggregate in the nanocapsules even in such a wide concentration range [85] (Fig. (4)).…”

Section: Doping Polymer Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A diarylethene and matched fluorescent dye encapsulated in cross-linked polymeric matrix issued in promising application for erasable optical data storage and individually addressable nanoscale devices which may be developed for utilization in biological and sensor technology [41]. Ethyl cellulose nanoparticles containing SO were excellently dispersed in printing paste, and retained their photochromic properties in the high temperature screen-printing process [87]. Furthermore, the small size (<1 m) of nanoparticles may also allow their use in inkjet inks, which are particularly sensitive to particle size due to small nozzle orifice.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its half-life was elongated by factors of 1.5 and 4.2 in poly(methyl methacrylate) and ethyl cellulose nanocomposites, respectively, containing the light stabilizers related to the corresponding nanocapsules without Tinuvin 144. Nanoparticles were found to keep their photochromic properties in the high temperature screen-printing process [87], and they did not influence the physical properties of printing paste. 0.045 % w/w SO content related to the paste mass provided sufficient colouration, while its doubling did not further the colour development.…”

Section: Doping Polymer Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic Nanoparticulate Photochromes

Feczkó¹,

Vončina²

2013

COC

Self Cite

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Photochromic organic dyes can be widely used in materials for optically rewritable data storage, photonic switches, memories, sensors, or actuators. In recent years photochromic materials based on nanoparticles became particularly focused, since they can be dispersed in colloidal aqueous suspensions or incorporated in thin films, avoiding problems of light scattering or shallow light penetration in bulk materials. Spiropyrans, spirooxazines and diarylethenes were by far the most researched photochromes in nanoparticulate systems. Great effort was made to investigate photochromic dyes incorporated into organic nanoparticles via self-assembly strategies, covalent linkage or dispersion of the molecular species in polymers (doping). Nanoparticles composed of solely photochromic dyes were prepared by laser ablation and reprecipitation techniques. Photochromic dyes were microencapsulated by self-assembly, soap free-, emulsion/microemulsion/miniemulsion or free radical-(co)polymerization. Sol-gel processing from silane precursors to poly(organo)siloxane matrix is a common method to synthesize doped or core-shell photochromic organogels. Coloured forms of some photochromes display fluorescence; however, a more effective strategy for fluorescence modulation with photochromic molecules is integrating them, covalently or noncovalently, with a separate fluorophore in the same nanoparticles. These photoresponsive nanoparticles may find applications particularly in biological fields such as cell labelling and bioimaging. The purpose of this review is to summarize the preparation methods of organic nanoparticles containing photochromic dyes and to investigate their typical properties derived from their nanoparticulate character.Keywords: photochromic nanoparticle, laser ablation, reprecipitation, polymerization, doping, fluorescence INTRODUCTIONPhotochromism is a reversible structural and colour change of a species triggered in one or both directions by electromagnetic radiation [1]. The shift of optical absorption, due to change in molecular structure or conformation results in colourization, while the coloured product decolourizes after a structure rearrangement in the back (generally thermal) reaction. The reversible transformations of photochromic compounds are usually based on ring opening/closing steps, cis/trans isomerizations, proton transfer, electron transfer or cycloadditions [2]. Like other stimuli responsive materials (e.g. heat and pH-sensitive materials), photochromic devices are responsive to an external stimulus, in this case, light. Light is the most attractive stimulus due to the fact that its wavelength, intensity and focus can be tuned. Photochromic materials have been investigated extensively during the past few decades because of optical responses and nonlinear optical, electronic and magnetic properties [3]. Photochromic materials have a high potential for applications to ophthalmic lenses [4,5] [15], and also for microstructuring and patterning surfaces [16]. Therefore, photosensitive, nanoscal...

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“…7 In recent literature, the development of UV-sensing textiles using photochromic dyes has been paid much attention. The integration of photochromic dyes into textile structures has been proven successful with traditional textile production techniques such as screen-printing, [8][9][10] dyeing 11,12 and mass dyeing. 10,13,14 Moreover, the application of photochromic dyes using novel production techniques has emerged.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inkjet printing and UV-LED curing of photochromic dyes for functional and smart textile applications

Seipel

Periyasamy

et al. 2018

RSC Adv.

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Health concerns as a result of harmful UV-rays drive the development of UV-sensors of different kinds. In this research, a UV-responsive smart textile is produced by inkjet printing and UV-LED curing of a specifically designed photochromic ink on PET fabric. This paper focuses on tuning and characterizing the colour performance of a photochromic dye embedded in a UV-curable ink resin. The influence of industrial fabrication parameters on the crosslinking density of the UV-resin and hence on the colour kinetics is investigated. A lower crosslinking density of the UV-resin increases the kinetic switching speed of the photochromic dye molecules upon isomerization. By introducing an extended kinetic model, which defines rate constants k colouration , k decay and k decolouration , the colour performance of photochromic textiles can be predicted. Fabrication parameters present a flexible and fast alternative to polymer conjugation to control kinetics of photochromic dyes in a resin. In particular, industrial fabrication parameters during printing and curing of the photochromic ink are used to set the colour yield, colouration/decolouration rates and the durability, which are important characteristics towards the development of a UV-sensor for smart textile applications.

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Textiles screen‐printed with photochromic ethyl cellulose–spirooxazine composite nanoparticles

Cited by 45 publications

References 13 publications

Textile applications of commercial photochromic dyes. Part 6: photochromic polypropylene fibres

Textile applications of commercial photochromic dyes. Part 6: photochromic polypropylene fibres

Organic Nanoparticulate Photochromes

Inkjet printing and UV-LED curing of photochromic dyes for functional and smart textile applications

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