Textural evolution and trace element chemistry of hydrothermal calcites from Archean gold deposits in the Hattu schist belt, eastern Finland: Indicators of the ore-forming environment

Kalliomäki, Henrik; Wagner, Thomas; Fußwinkel, Tobias; Schultze, Dina

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.103006

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Calcite has frequently been utilized in probing the timing and causal relationships of biological and environmental events recorded in carbonates by means of measuring radiogenic U-Pb and stable C-O isotopic systems and trace-element compositions (Wang et al 2008;Bristow et al 2011;Franchi et al 2015;Kalliomäki et al 2019;MacDonald et al 2019;Roberts et al 2020). This is because calcite commonly incorporates rare earth elements (REEs) and uranium during its crystallization, making it a suitable host for REE analyses and a potential chronometer for U-Pb geochronology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calcite REE compositions are used as key evidence to distinguish its origin, as variations in REE distribution patterns are suggestive of variations of circulating fluid chemistry. Specifically, calcite with low REE concentrations and a positive Eu anomaly commonly precipitates from hydrothermal fluids, whereas calcite with positive La and Gd anomalies, a superchondritic Y/Ho ratio and light REE (LREE) depletion commonly forms in normal seawater (Van Kranendonk et al 2003;Franchi et al 2015;Kalliomäki et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, calcite geochronology could potentially produce direct age constraints in various geoscience applications (Rasbury & Cole, 2009;Roberts et al 2020). Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has been demonstrated to be an effective tool for in situ calcite U-Pb dating and REE composition measurement because of rapid in situ spot analysis with adequate levels of precision (Li et al 2014;Roberts & Walker, 2016;Coogan et al 2016;Ring & Gerdes, 2016;Nuriel et al 2017;Kalliomäki et al 2019;MacDonald et al 2019;Roberts et al 2020;Wu et al 2022). This paired approach proves robust in constraining the formation timing of calcite and fingerprinting the source of fluids and thus tracing fluid evolution processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the origin of highly ¹³C_carb-depleted calcite in basal Ediacaran cap carbonate

Zhang

et al. 2022

Geol. Mag.

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Ediacaran cap dolostone atop Marinoan glacial deposits contains complex sedimentary structures with extremely negative δ13Ccarb values in close association with oscillations in palaeoclimatic and oceanographic proxy records. However, the precise geological, geochronological and geochemical context of the cap dolostone is not clarified, which hampers us from correctly interpreting the extremely negative δ13Ccarb values and their causal relationships with the Snowball Earth hypothesis. In this study, we conducted detailed in situ geochronological and geochemical analyses on the calcite within the cap dolostone from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in South China in order to define its formation and relationship to the Snowball Earth hypothesis. Petrographic observations show that formation of dolomite pre-dates precipitation of calcite and pyrite, which pre-dates quartz cementation in the basal cap carbonate. Calcite cement within the cap dolostone yielded a U–Pb age of 636.5 ± 7.4/17.8 Ma (2σ, MSWD = 1.6, n = 36/40), which is within uncertainty of a published dolomite U–Pb age of 632 ± 17 Ma (recalculated as 629.3 ± 16.7/22.9 Ma). These age constraints negate the possibility that the calcite cement was formed by late Ediacaran or Cambrian hydrothermal activity. The rare earth element distribution patterns suggest a dominant seawater origin overprinted by subsequent early Ediacaran hydrothermal activity. The combined age, petrographic and geochemical data suggest oxidization of methane clathrates in response to complicated interplay between eustasy and isostatic rebound and hydrothermal fluids.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the origin of highly ¹³C_carb-depleted calcite in basal Ediacaran cap carbonate

Zhang

et al. 2022

Geol. Mag.

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“…2016, Kalliomaki et al . 2019). Fine‐scale variations of carbonate chemistry require the use of microanalytical tools such as laser ablation inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS), an analytical technique for in situ determination of elemental and isotopic compositions of solid materials.…”

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confidence: 99%

Use of Non‐Matrix Matched Reference Materials for the Accurate Analysis of Calcium Carbonate by LA‐ICP‐MS

Thompson

Goemann

et al. 2021

Geostandard Geoanalytic Res

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Advances in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry have improved analytical precision for mineral analysis, expanding geological interpretations from LA‐ICP‐MS results. However, with improvements in analytical precision, systematic errors from calibration can become more obvious and affect data quality. To improve the accuracy of the LA‐ICP‐MS technique, a fully quantified method is presented for the analysis of minerals with a CaCO3 matrix. An in‐house calcite sample (P‐Cal) was developed with an independently constrained composition and compared with measurement results from LA‐ICP‐MS analysis, generated using multiple spot sizes, laser fluences and calibration methods. For many elements, calibration against NIST SRM 612 as a calibration reference material and USGS GSD‐1G and USGS BCR‐2G as secondary reference materials (calibration B) provided the best accuracy for CaCO3 analysis. Ablation rates and element yield (ICP‐MS signal intensity in counts per second for a given isotope relative to the mass fraction of the respective element) in calcium carbonate closely resembles NIST SRM 612; however, the down‐hole fractionation curves of USGS BCR‐2G (basaltic glass matrix) are a better fit for carbonate. Variations in accuracy for measurements at different spot sizes are negligible compared with the other effects discussed. Additionally, ablation characteristics for powdered crystals versus large fragments produce a negligible effect on the accuracy of the results for calcium carbonate.

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“…Maskenskaya et al, (2014) found that trace element concentrations and distribution in veins did not correlate with stable isotope (C, O, Sr) values; fractionation patterns of rare earth elements (REEs) were observed but again these could not be correlated with any measured chemical, physical and isotopic variables and so did not help to determine fluid source or vein formation mechanisms. Kalliomäki et al (2019) compared the trace element signatures of vein calcite and their host rock and showed in examples from the Hattu schist belt (Finland) that interaction between the vein-forming fluid and the host rock had strongly influenced the trace element signature of the resulting vein calcite. Similarly, Wagner et al (2010) used REEs to show that veins from the Rhenish Massif (Germany) formed from advecting fluids which leached the wall rocks, which was reflected in vein mineral trace element signatures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fingerprinting fluid source in calcite veins: combining LA-ICP-MS U-Pb calcite dating with trace elements and clumped isotope palaeothermometry

MacDonald¹,

Wal²,

Faithfull³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Application of geochemical proxies to vein minerals - particularly calcite - can fingerprint the source of fluids controlling various important geological processes from seismicity to geothermal systems. Determining fluid source, e.g. meteoric, marine, magmatic or metamorphic waters, can be challenging when using only trace elements and stable isotopes as different fluids can have overlapping geochemical characteristics, such as δ18O. In this contribution we show that by combining the recently developed LA-ICP-MS U-Pb calcite geochronometer with stable isotopes (including clumped isotope palaeothermometry) and trace element analysis, the fluid source of veins can be more readily determined. Calcite veins hosted in the Devonian Montrose Volcanic Formation at Lunan Bay in the Midland Valley Terrane of Central Scotland were used as a case study. δD values of fluid inclusions in the calcite, and parent fluid δ18O values reconstructed from clumped isotope palaeothermometry, gave values which could represent a range of fluid sources: metamorphic or magmatic fluids, or surface waters which had undergone much fluid-rock interaction. Trace elements showed no distinctive patterns and shed no further light on fluid source. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating determined the vein calcite precipitation age – 318±30 Ma – which rule out metamorphic or magmatic fluid sources as no metamorphic or magmatic activity was occurring in the area at this time. The vein fluid source was therefore a surface water (meteoric based on paleogeographic reconstruction) which had undergone significant water-rock interaction. This study highlights the importance of combining the recently developed LA-ICP-MS U-Pb calcite geochronometer with stable isotopes and trace elements to help determine fluid sources of veins, and indeed any geological feature where calcite precipitated from a fluid that may have resided in the crust for a period of time (e.g. fault precipitates or cements).

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Textural evolution and trace element chemistry of hydrothermal calcites from Archean gold deposits in the Hattu schist belt, eastern Finland: Indicators of the ore-forming environment

Cited by 16 publications

References 55 publications

Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the origin of highly ¹³C_carb-depleted calcite in basal Ediacaran cap carbonate

Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the origin of highly ¹³C_carb-depleted calcite in basal Ediacaran cap carbonate

Use of Non‐Matrix Matched Reference Materials for the Accurate Analysis of Calcium Carbonate by LA‐ICP‐MS

Fingerprinting fluid source in calcite veins: combining LA-ICP-MS U-Pb calcite dating with trace elements and clumped isotope palaeothermometry

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Textural evolution and trace element chemistry of hydrothermal calcites from Archean gold deposits in the Hattu schist belt, eastern Finland: Indicators of the ore-forming environment

Cited by 16 publications

References 55 publications

Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the origin of highly 13Ccarb-depleted calcite in basal Ediacaran cap carbonate

Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the origin of highly 13Ccarb-depleted calcite in basal Ediacaran cap carbonate

Use of Non‐Matrix Matched Reference Materials for the Accurate Analysis of Calcium Carbonate by LA‐ICP‐MS

Fingerprinting fluid source in calcite veins: combining LA-ICP-MS U-Pb calcite dating with trace elements and clumped isotope palaeothermometry

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Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the origin of highly ¹³C_carb-depleted calcite in basal Ediacaran cap carbonate

Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the origin of highly ¹³C_carb-depleted calcite in basal Ediacaran cap carbonate