“…It has been shown that in many applications, using fractional-order derivatives rather than integer-order derivatives enables us to have more efficient models, because the differentiation order can be changed to find out optimal performance. Many fractional-order-based methods have been used in various applications, such as image texture enhancement, 29,30 image restoration, [31][32][33] study of behavior for immunogenetic tumor model, 34,35 image edge detection, 36 study of population model, 37,38 image segmentation, 39 image compression, 40 etc. 41,42 A good review of fractional calculus applications in image processing has been gathered in the literature 43 by Qi Yang.…”