TG/FT-IR: an analysis of the conditions affecting the combined TG/spectral response

Berbenni, Vittorio; Marini, Amedeo; Bruni, Giovanna; Zerlia, T.

doi:10.1016/0040-6031(94)02237-i

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The sample temperature was measured with a thermocouple directly attached to the crucible, i.e., very close to the sample. The heating rate was selected high enough to ensure the quality of the FTIR data obtained [38]. To ensure the measurement of the actual sample temperature, a calibration of the temperature was performed using the Curie-point transition of standard metals, as suggested by the equipment manufacturer's recommendations.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGA/FTIR study of the MCM-41-catalytic pyrolysis of tobacco and tobacco–glycerol mixtures

et al. 2014

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In this work, the catalytic effect of MCM-41 on the qualitative composition of the gases evolved in the pyrolysis of glycerol, tobacco and tobacco-glycerol mixtures has been studied by TGA/FTIR. The results obtained reflect that the amount of volatile products obtained from tobacco or from tobacco containing mixtures is noticeably decreased if the catalyst is used as a tobacco additive. The addition of the catalyst also produces noticeable changes in the composition of the gases obtained at each temperature. Such changes are more significant in the case of the pyrolysis of the tobacco-glycerol-mixture than in the pyrolysis of tobacco. The evolution patterns for different types of compounds reveal that the catalyst contributes to a noticeable decrease of the yields of methane, CO, CO 2 and carbonylic compounds, which could be interesting from the point of view of the use of MCM-41 as a tobacco additive in order to reduce tobacco smoke toxicity.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGA/FTIR study of the MCM-41-catalytic pyrolysis of tobacco and tobacco–glycerol mixtures

et al. 2014

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“…Heating rate and gas flow are the experimental parameters that have the greatest effect on the results of a TG/FT-IR experiment [15] . Based on previous studies and recommendations of the manufacturer of the equipment, tests were performed to determine the optimal settings.…”

Section: Tg/ft-ir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimal conditions, which maximized the FT-IR response, were determined to be the combination of a 20 °C/min heating rate with a 25 ml/min gas flow. According to Berbenni et al [15] , a well-adjusted TG/FT-IR experiment will present GSR and differential thermogravimetric (DTG) curves with similar profiles. In addition to providing the most intense absorptions, the selected parameters also showed excellent agreement between the GSR and DTG curves.…”

Section: Tg/ft-ir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

TG/FT-IR characterization of additives typically employed in EPDM formulations

2015

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SbstractThermogravimetric analysis coupled to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG/FT-IR) is a very popular technique for rubbers characterization. It involves analyses of the base polymer and additives. Ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubbers are frequently investigated by TG/FT-IR; however, the focus has been the degradation temperature range of the polymer. In this study, unvulcanized and vulcanized EPDM rubber and its additives were investigated by TG/FT-IR, without solvent extraction, and in a wide temperature range. Initially, the additives were individually characterized. TG/FT-IR identified the characteristic groups of all the additives analyzed and distinguished them from each other. Afterwards, unvulcanized and vulcanized EPDM rubbers were investigated without prior extraction. TG/FT-IR detected absorptions due to the additives tetramethylthiuram monosulfide and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. Both of these sulfur-containing additives were present in the EPDM formulation at concentrations of 0.7 phr (0.63 wt %). The TG/FT-IR technique had some limitations, because not all the additives in EPDM rubber were detected. Paraffin oil, stearic acid and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline functional groups were not observed in either the unvulcanized or vulcanized EPDM. Nevertheless, in addition to the ability of this method to detect sulfur-containing groups, the lack of a pre-extraction reduces the time and effort required for additive analysis in rubbers.

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“…Its large dead volume also required a greater gas flow rate to reduce the tailing and memory effect in the TG curve and Gram-Schmidt reconstruction (GSR) curve. 4 Although the interface and analytical chamber designs are yet not ideal, the TG/FTIR technique is a unique way of evaluating both the thermal cracking of compounds in an inert atmosphere and the oxidation/combustion/weight changes of compounds in air, oxygen, or other reactive gases with a wide scope of applications along with the measurement of evolved-gas compositions. Whelan 5 used this technique to study the evolution of products in the heating of rocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chou 7 studied the ratio of HCl formation in different grades of coal. In addition, in the field of polymers, the thermal decomposition of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) additives, 8 the carbonization of polyacrylnitrile (PAN) fibers to NO 2 , CH 4 , and HCN, 9 the pyrolysis of ethylene-vinylacetate copolymer (EVA) polymers and coatings, 10 the pyrolysis of nitrocellulose and quantitative analysis of reaction products, 11 the gas compositions and thermogravimetric curves of polymers cracking under different environments of nitrogen and air, 12,13 and recovered plastics from automobiles have been used to evaluate the environmental impact, 14 whereas the thermal cracking of poly-(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) only has been studied by the TG/FTIR technique under a nitrogen atmosphere. 15 Because the cracking reactions of polymers depend very much on environmental conditions, the study of cracking reactions of polymers in air is essential for the evaluation of the thermal stability, oxidation, and safety of polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal cracking characteristics of PEEK under different environments by the TG/FTIR technique

Perng

1999

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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TG/FT-IR: an analysis of the conditions affecting the combined TG/spectral response

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

TGA/FTIR study of the MCM-41-catalytic pyrolysis of tobacco and tobacco–glycerol mixtures

TGA/FTIR study of the MCM-41-catalytic pyrolysis of tobacco and tobacco–glycerol mixtures

TG/FT-IR characterization of additives typically employed in EPDM formulations

Thermal cracking characteristics of PEEK under different environments by the TG/FTIR technique

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