TG-FTIR study of evolved gas in the decomposition of different types of tobacco. Effect of the addition of SBA-15

Calabuig, Emilio; Juárez-Serrano, Nerea; Marcilla, A.

doi:10.1016/j.tca.2018.12.006

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…After hop residue degradation, about 30 wt % of various forms of carbon may promote the formation of char during combustion. In the filler, 2.2% of the water absorbed by the hop residue and 1.4% of the water bound by hydrogen bonds (first degradation step) were lost through dehydration [ 53 , 54 ]. This step is associated with the vaporization of volatile components and non-polymeric constituents, i.e., lipids and proteins [ 55 ], and during this stage, about 5 wt % was lost.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the degradation products formed in this stage probably came from the degradation of hemicellulose. The next degradation stage was completed at about 370 °C, during which about 29.5 wt % of the hop residue was lost, and most of the degradation products came from the pyrolysis of cellulose [ 53 ]. However, it is important to note that for lignocellulosic components, a range between 220 and 380 °C occurred in the decomposition of cell-wall biopolymers: pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin [ 56 , 57 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The degradation of PVC and the composites occurred in two stages [ 66 , 67 , 68 ]. During the first stage (200–400 °C), weight loss on the level of 54–65 wt % was associated with PVC dehydrochlorination and the degradation of organic additives in the PVC blend and filler components: mainly hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin [ 53 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 69 ]. Moreover, the weight loss decreased as the filler content in the matrix increased, which indicated the degradation of the matrix, especially the HCl release reaction, which dominated at this stage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composites of Poly(vinyl chloride) with Residual Hops after Supercritical Extraction in CO2

et al. 2021

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The common applications of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) in many industries mean that the topic of recycling and disposal of post-consumer waste is still very important. One of the methods of reducing the negative impact of PVC waste on the natural environment is to use technological or post-consumer waste of this polymer to produce new composite materials with favorable utility properties, with the addition of natural fillers, among which agro-waste, including hop residue, is deserving of special attention. In this study, the effect of the addition of residual hops (H) on the mechanical and physicochemical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) was investigated. PVC blends containing 10, 20 and 30 wt % of hop residue were mixed in an extruder, while the specimens were obtained by the injection molding method. It was observed that the addition of H increased their thermostability, as shown by a Congo red test. Furthermore, thermogravimetric analysis showed that the degradation rate of PVC/H composites in the first and second stages of decomposition was lower in comparison with unmodified PVC. In turn, composite density, impact strength and tensile strength decreased significantly with an increasing concentration of filler in the PVC matrix. At the same time, their Young’s modulus, flexural modulus and Rockwell hardness increased. Flame resistance tests showed that with an increasing residual hop content, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) decreased by 9.0; 11.8 and 13.6%, respectively, compared to unfilled PVC (LOI = 37.4%). In addition, the maximum heat release rate (pHRR) decreased with an increasing filler content by about 16, 24 and 31%, respectively. Overall, these composites were characterized by a good burning resistance and had a flammability rating of V0 according to the UL94 test.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composites of Poly(vinyl chloride) with Residual Hops after Supercritical Extraction in CO2

et al. 2021

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“…The use of these types of materials (i.e., MCM-48, MCM-41, SBA-15) and zeolites (i.e., NaA, NaY, HUSY, ZSM-5, Hβ), in the filter or directly mixed with tobacco to reduce the toxicity of the tobacco smoke, has been described elsewhere [35][36][37]. Our research group has studied the use of MCM-41, SBA-15 and zeolites (HUSY, HZSM-5 and Hβ) to reduce the yields of toxic compounds in tobacco smoke and we have reported that the addition of these materials to tobacco allows the reduction of most of the compounds present in the mainstream of tobacco smoke [28,[38][39][40]. In these works, the effect of these meso and microporous materials (having their particular properties) were studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Reaction Time and Hydrothermal Treatment Time on the Textural Properties of SBA-15 Synthesized Using Sodium Silicate as a Silica Source and Its Efficiency for Reducing Tobacco Smoke Toxicity

et al. 2021

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The synthesis of SBA-15 has been optimized using sodium silicate, an inexpensive precursor of SBA-15. In this work, the influence of synthesis times of the precipitation and the hydrothermal treatment steps, on the textural properties developed as well as for reducing the toxic compounds generated in tobacco smoking, has been studied. The hydrothermal treatment has been proved to be necessary to obtain materials with adequate performance in this particular application. Twenty-four hours of hydrothermal treatment provide materials with the best properties. Although the reaction stage usually involves the mixing of reagents during 24 h, 40 min is enough to obtain a material with stick-like morphology and typical textural properties. Moreover, between 1 and 2 h of reaction time, the material proved to have the best performance for the purpose of reducing the toxicity of the products generated during the tobacco smoking process. These results are of great significance for an eventual scaling up to industrial scale of the SBA-15 manufacturing process. Results of a pilot plant experiment in a batch of 4 kg of SBA-15 are reported.

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“…Nicotine Res. 30 (2021) [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] RESUME Afin de comprendre leur conception et leur consommation, il importe d'analyser les caractéristiques détaillées de la pyrolyse des matières premières qui composent les produits du tabac. Au cours des présents travaux, les caractéristiques de la pyrolyse et les modèles cinétiques du tabac contenu dans la tripe de cigare, du tabac servant à la cape du cigare et du tabac blond furent étudiés à l'aide d'un analyseur thermogravimétrique couplé à une spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier (ATG-IRTF).…”

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Analysis of Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetics of Cigar Tobacco and Flue-Cured Tobacco by TG-FTIR

Wang

Cai

et al. 2021

Contributions to Tobacco &Amp; Nicotine Research

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Summary Investigation of the detailed pyrolysis characteristics of tobacco raw materials is important for the understanding of product design and consumption. In this work, pyrolysis characteristics and kinetic models of cigar filler tobacco (CFT), cigar wrapper tobacco (CWT), and flue-cured tobacco (FCT) were investigated by using a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR). The pyrolysis of different tobacco samples could be divided into four stages based on the derivative thermogravimetric analysis (DTG) curves. Flue-cured tobacco underwent a marked decomposition process at lower temperatures (about 200 °C), while the thermal decomposition of cigar tobacco occurs at higher temperatures. During the pyrolysis process, evolved gases including H2O, CO2, CH4, CO, carbonyls, alcohols, phenols and aromatic compounds were detected by FTIR. CWT released more CO2 than CFT, while the amount of CO2, CH4, CO and aromatic compounds released by flue-cured tobacco was lower than that of cigar tobacco. The pyrolysis kinetics of tobacco leaves were further analyzed and compared through the isoconversional FWO (Flynn-Wall-Ozawa) and KAS (Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose) methods. The activation energy of FCT (from 100.1 kJ mol−1 to 192.1 kJ mol−1) was lower than that of CFT (from 207.36 kJ mol−1 to 319.28 kJ mol−1) and CWT (from 160.40 kJ mol−1 to 260.45 kJ mol−1). The thermal decomposition kinetics of different tobaccos were analyzed by Málek and Coats-Redfern methods.

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TG-FTIR study of evolved gas in the decomposition of different types of tobacco. Effect of the addition of SBA-15

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Composites of Poly(vinyl chloride) with Residual Hops after Supercritical Extraction in CO2

Composites of Poly(vinyl chloride) with Residual Hops after Supercritical Extraction in CO2

Effect of Reaction Time and Hydrothermal Treatment Time on the Textural Properties of SBA-15 Synthesized Using Sodium Silicate as a Silica Source and Its Efficiency for Reducing Tobacco Smoke Toxicity

Analysis of Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetics of Cigar Tobacco and Flue-Cured Tobacco by TG-FTIR

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