Tg studies on the reactions of hematite, magnetite and wüstite with COC12 and CO+Cl2

Pap, I.S.; Bertóti, I.; Szèkely, T.; Babievskaya, I. Z.; Bottyán, L.

doi:10.1016/0040-6031(85)85946-3

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…It seems that carbon monoxide has little effect on the chlorination of wüstite at low temperatures during non isothermal treatment. Similar results were reported in other investigations [14], [15] An hematite sample was also subjected to non isothermal treatments under conditions identical to those described above for wüstite. Results obtained for the chlorination of wüstite allow to assume Eqs.…”

Section: Page 6 Of 13 -Textsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Figure 9 (a) and (b) shows the mathematical fitting of the experimental data obtained during the chlorination of hematite between 600 and 875 °C by using Eq. [14]. The correlation coefficient of the data linearization is close to unity.…”

Section: Page 9 Of 13 -Textmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…However, such value of ' n Cl 2 ' seems to indicate that the molecular chlorine could be dissociated before reacting with hematite. Mathematical formulation of the experimental data for different partial pressure of chlorine was established using equations [11] to [14]. This data, shown by Figure 12, matches Eq.…”

Section: Effect Of Partial Pressure Of Chlorinementioning

confidence: 92%

“…This supports the hypothesis that the chlorination reaction of Fe 2 O 3 particles is controlled by the chemical reaction according to the shrinking sphere model described by Eq. [14]. While, the best fitting data for temperatures higher than or equal to 900 °C ( Figure 9 (c)) is obtained by using Eq.…”

Section: Page 9 Of 13 -Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 -(1 -X) 1/3 = kt (for Fp = 3) [14] where k = constant, t = chlorination time, X = extent of reaction (ratio of weight of the reacted fraction to initial weight),…”

Section: -(-X)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetics of hematite chlorination with Cl2 and Cl2+O2: Part I. Chlorination with Cl2

Kanari¹,

Mishra²,

Filippov³

et al. 2010

Thermochimica Acta

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Preliminary tests of the chlorination of two iron oxides (wüstite and hematite) in various chlorinating gas mixtures were performed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) under non isothermal conditions. Wüstite started to react with chlorine from about 200 °C generating ferric chloride and hematite as the final reaction products. The presence of a reducing and oxidation agent in the chlorinating gas mixtures influenced the chlorination reactions of both iron oxides, during non isothermal treatment, only at temperatures higher than 500 °C.The chlorination kinetics of hematite with Cl 2 have been studied in details between 600 and 1025 °C under isothermal chlorination. The values of the apparent activation energy (E a ) were about 180 and 75 kJ/mol in the temperature ranges of 600 to 875 °C and 875 to 1025 °C, respectively.The apparent reaction order with respect to Cl 2 was found to be 0.67 at 750 °C. Mathematical model fitting of the kinetics data was carried out to determine the most probable reaction mechanisms.

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Section: Page 6 Of 13 -Textsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Page 9 Of 13 -Textmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Effect Of Partial Pressure Of Chlorinementioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Page 9 Of 13 -Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 -(1 -X) 1/3 = kt (for Fp = 3) [14] where k = constant, t = chlorination time, X = extent of reaction (ratio of weight of the reacted fraction to initial weight),…”

Section: -(-X)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Kinetics of hematite chlorination with Cl2 and Cl2+O2: Part I. Chlorination with Cl2

Kanari¹,

Mishra²,

Filippov³

et al. 2010

Thermochimica Acta

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Comparative thermogravimetric study of chlorinations of hematite and wustite

Bertóti

Pap

Szèkely

et al. 1987

Journal of Thermal Analysis

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The reactions of hematite and wustite with C12, COC12, CO + C12 and gaseous CC14 were studied by thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and computer-assisted thermodynamic calculations. During the chlorination of hematite, only gaseous products were formed. The apparent activation energies were calculated from the isothermal TG curves. The chlorination of wustite involves the formation and transformation of a series of sofid chloride products. FeCl2(s), FeCla(s ) and FeOCl(s) were found as intermediates during chlorination with CI 2 or CI 2 + CO, while onlyFeClz(s) was detected in reactions with COCI: oe CC14. The chlorinations of the iron oxides with various agents were compared, and the differences in reactivity sequences were established.Chlorination is a useful tool for the processing of low-grade ores and can also be used for the removal of iron from raw materials. Because of its technical importance, the chlorination behaviour of hematite was investigated in some recent publications

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Thermal analysis in reactive atmospheres

Gimzewski

1988

Journal of Thermal Analysis

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By using reactive atmospheres, the area of aplb]ication of thermal analysis is expanded considerably to cover many aspects of high temperature research into fuels, extractive metallurgy, materials and catalysts. This article reviews the design of apparatus and its application in kinetic and thermodynamic studies involving atmospheres such as H2, CO, N2, NH3, CO2, H20, SO2or3~ H2 S, $2. C12, HCI, F2 and HF at low or high pressures and as low pressure plasmas. Apart from gas-solid reactions, the important influence of a controlled product gas atmosphere on decomposition reactions is discussed also. Gas-solid adsorption and solubility studies are not included. John Wiley & Sons, Limited, ChichesterAkaddmiai Kiad6, Budapest GIMZEWSKI: ANALYSIS IN REACTIVE ATMOSPHERESTable I Areas of application of thermal analysis using reactive atmospheres ATMOSPHERE APPLICATIONS 02 H2, CO N2, NH3, NO2 C02 H20 802 or3 H2S 02, HCI etc F2, HF etc Plasmas Combustion, extractive metallurgy, oxidation stability tests, carbon analysis. Extractive metallurgy, coal hidrogenation, catalysts, materials science, hydrogen storage. Nitriding using N 2 or NH3, decomposition of catalysts, and propellants in NH3, extractive metallurgy using NO2.Exploitation and analysis of carbonate minerals, processing fuel gases, corrosion.Coal gasification, materials science, reversible dehydration reaction analysis of plaster.Cleaning combustion gases, extractive metallurgy.Cleaning fuel gases, corrosion.Extractive metallurgy, analysis of ceramics.Nuclear fuel processing. Materials science Experimental ApparatusThermal analysis has been performed in gases and vapours at low and high pressures and in low pressure plasmas. Plasmas and vapours pose specific problems discussed below, but otherwise the apparatus design is dictated by the corrosive nature of the atmosphere, its pressure and its flow arrangement. A flowing atmosphere is preferred at normal and high pressures to facilitate mass transfer but at low pressures the atmosphere is usually static. Below, corrosion problems are discussed for furnaces, thermocouples and thermobalances, and the difficulties in generating and using controlled atmospheres are considered separately for gases, vapours and plasmas.s ThermalAnal. 33, 1988

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Tg studies on the reactions of hematite, magnetite and wüstite with COC12 and CO+Cl2

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Kinetics of hematite chlorination with Cl2 and Cl2+O2: Part I. Chlorination with Cl2

Kinetics of hematite chlorination with Cl2 and Cl2+O2: Part I. Chlorination with Cl2

Comparative thermogravimetric study of chlorinations of hematite and wustite

Thermal analysis in reactive atmospheres

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