Thalamic activation during an attention-to-prepulse startle modification paradigm: a functional MRI study

Hazlett, Erin A.; Buchsbaum, Monte S.; Tang, Cheuk Y.; Fleischman, Michael; Wei, Timothy; Byne, William; Haznedar, M. Mehmet

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01094-0

Cited by 87 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Relative to the control group, a significantly reduced BOLD response in all such areas was reported in patients with schizophrenia, who also showed considerably (though not significantly) lower PPI. In general, these findings were consistent with the neural substrates that regulate PPI in the rat (58), with previous studies that investigated neural correlates of PPI in normal and schizophrenic subjects using PET (72), and with more recent studies that explored neural correlates of PPI in normal subjects using fMRI (73). However, our study (70) is the first, to our knowledge, to reveal evidence for the involvement of basal ganglia structures and the hippocampus in human PPI.…”

Section: Translational Medicine and Drug Discoverysupporting

confidence: 91%

Insights and treatment options for psychiatric disorders guided by functional MRI

Sharma¹

2003

Journal of Clinical Investigation

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Section: Translational Medicine and Drug Discoverysupporting

confidence: 91%

Insights and treatment options for psychiatric disorders guided by functional MRI

Sharma¹

2003

Journal of Clinical Investigation

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“…In line with this, attentional PPI modulation was found to be associated with thalamic and prefrontal activity (Hazlett et al, 1998(Hazlett et al, , 2001. And, as outlined above, ADHD patients show abnormalities in these structures.…”

Section: Aim Of the Studysupporting

confidence: 69%

Early attentional deficits in an attention-to-prepulse paradigm in ADHD adults.

Conzelmann¹,

Pauli²,

Mucha³

et al. 2010

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were examined for early and late attentional processes as a function of controlled attention. The test paradigm was the attentional modulation of prepulse inhibition (PPI; early controlled attentional processing) and prepulse facilitation (PPF; late controlled attentional processing). In 49 patients and 49 controls, the authors measured acoustic startle responses to 96-dB startle pulses preceded 120, 240 (for PPI), 2,000, and 4,500 (for PPF) ms by a 68-dB prepulse noise. Geometric figures signaled that prepulses were to be ignored or attended to (automatic vs. controlled attention). ADHD patients exhibited deficits in prepulse modulation, but these reflected an interaction of controlled attention and time of information processing. Normal PPI and PPF occurred under all conditions except for controlled attentional modulation of PPI. Attention deficits in ADHD patients may reflect not general derangements in information processing or ability to attend but, rather, selective disturbances of controlled attention during early information processing.

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“…Studies in rats (Burk and Mair, 2001,Chudasama and Muir, 2001,Newman and Burk, 2005 and humans (Kinomura et al, 1996,Buchel et al, 1998,Guillery et al, 1998,Ackermann et al, 2004,Golla et al, 2005,Hazlett et al, 2005,Konarski et al, 2005,Machner et al, 2005,Richter et al, 2005,Ronning et al, 2005 carry out important attentional processing. This suggests that increased cognitive load involves increased attentional processing in these brain regions, regardless whether the task requires visuospatial attention or verbal WM skills.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different activation patterns for working memory load and visual attention load

Tomasi

Chang²,

Caparelli³

et al. 2007

Brain Research

140

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Attention is a basic component of cognitition, and is modulated by cognitive load. We aimed to map the common network that supports attentional load across different tasks using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Twenty-two healthy volunteers performed two sets of tasks with graded levels of cognitive load: verbal working memory (WM) and visual attention (VA) tasks. For both tasks, increased cognitive load (WM-load and VA-load) activated a common network comprising parietal and occipital cortices, thalamus, and the cerebellum, indicating that these brain regions are involved in higher level of attention. The fMRI signals in the prefrontal cortices increased with WMload but not with VA-load, suggesting that executive function is involved for the more demanding WM tasks but not for the more difficult VA tasks. Conversely, VA tasks activated more strongly an occipito-parietal network comprising the postcentral (PostCG) and the superior occipital (SOG) gyri, suggesting complex visual processing in this network.

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Thalamic activation during an attention-to-prepulse startle modification paradigm: a functional MRI study

Cited by 87 publications

References 46 publications

Insights and treatment options for psychiatric disorders guided by functional MRI

Insights and treatment options for psychiatric disorders guided by functional MRI

Early attentional deficits in an attention-to-prepulse paradigm in ADHD adults.

Different activation patterns for working memory load and visual attention load

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