Thalamic Shape Abnormalities in Individuals with Schizophrenia and Their Nonpsychotic Siblings

Harms, Michael P.; Wang, Lei; Mamah, Daniel; Thompson, Paul A.; Csernansky, John G.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2571-07.2007

Cited by 98 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The canonical analysis was designed to score the SCZ-SIB and CON-SIB along the dimension that "maximized" the difference between SCZ and CON. Thus, the canonical weighting coefficients were obtained from the contrast between SCZ and CON (33). A canonical score was obtained for each structure and subject by applying these weighting coefficients to the original dependent variables (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From an initial group of 216 potential subjects that fit inclusion criteria (see below), the final group of study subjects were selected from those who had an MR scan of acceptable quality and whose sibling also completed MR scanning. This cohort of subjects was the same as that used in our previous report on the thalamus (33).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have previously used large-deformation high-dimensional brain mapping (HDBM-LD) (30,31), to characterize shape deformities of the hippocampus (32) and thalamus (33) in unaffected siblings of schizophrenia subjects. Shape analysis has been shown to be complementary to volumetry in discriminating between normal and neuropsychiatric conditions (34,35).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Basal Ganglia Shape Abnormalities in the Unaffected Siblings of Schizophrenia Patients

Mamah¹,

Harms²,

Wang³

et al. 2008

Biological Psychiatry

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Objective-Abnormalities of basal ganglia structure in schizophrenia have been attributed to the effects of antipsychotic drugs. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that abnormalities of basal ganglia structure are intrinsic features of schizophrenia, by assessing basal ganglia volume and shape in the unaffected siblings of schizophrenia subjects.Method-The study involved 25 pairs of schizophrenia subjects and their unaffected siblings and 40 pairs of healthy controls and their siblings. Large deformation, high-dimensional brain mapping was used to obtain surface representations of the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus. Surfaces were derived from transformations of anatomical templates and shapes were analyzed using reduceddimensional measures of surface variability (i.e. principal components and canonical analysis). Canonical functions were derived using schizophrenia and control groups, and were then used to compare shapes in the sibling groups. To visualize shape differences, maps of the estimated surface displacement between groups were created.Results-In the caudate, putamen and globus pallidus, the degree of shape abnormality observed in the siblings of the schizophrenia subjects was intermediate between the schizophrenia subjects and the controls. In the schizophrenia subjects, significant correlations were observed between measures of caudate, putamen and globus pallidus structure and the selected measures of lifetime psychopathology.Conclusions-Attenuated abnormalities of basal ganglia structure are present in the unaffected siblings of schizophrenia subjects. This finding implies that basal ganglia structural abnormalities observed in subjects with schizophrenia are at least in part an intrinsic feature of the illness. KeywordsSchizophrenia; Siblings; Basal Ganglia; Caudate; Putamen; Globus Pallidus Corresponding Author: Daniel Mamah, M.D., M.P.E. Department of Psychiatry (Box 8134), Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid, St. Louis, MO 63110, (314) 747-2160, Fax: (314) 747-2182, E-mail: mamahd@psychiatry.wustl.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Evidence from family, twin and adoption studies suggest that genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (1,2). Consistent with the involvement of genetic factors in schizophrenia, cognitive (3,4), neurologic (5,6) and neurobiological (7,8) abnormalities have been found in the unaffected relatives of schizophrenia subjects, generally in attenuated form. NIH Public AccessA number of lines of research suggest that basal ganglia abnormalities mi...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Basal Ganglia Shape Abnormalities in the Unaffected Siblings of Schizophrenia Patients

Mamah¹,

Harms²,

Wang³

et al. 2008

Biological Psychiatry

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“…However, at the subcortical level, it was not until the advent of shape analysis techniques (e.g., Patenaude et al 2011) that successfully estimating regional shape variations in subcortical structures with high anatomical precision was possible. This approach has been mainly applied to unveil abnormal subcortical morphology in mental disorders or disease (Coscia et al 2009;Harms et al 2007;Kang et al 2008;McKeown et al 2008;Qiu et al 2008;Xu et al 2008) but recently also to understand the role of subcortical shape in high-order cognition in healthy populations (Burgaleta et al 2013b). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilingualism at the core of the brain. Structural differences between bilinguals and monolinguals revealed by subcortical shape analysis

et al. 2016

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Naturally acquiring a language shapes the human brain through a long-lasting learning and practice process. This is supported by previous studies showing that managing more than one language from early childhood has an impact on brain structure and function.However, to what extent bilingual individuals present neuroanatomical peculiarities at the subcortical level with respect to monolinguals is yet not well understood, despite the key role of subcortical gray matter for a number of language functions, including monitoring of speech production and language control -two processes especially solicited by bilinguals. Here we addressed this issue by performing a subcortical surfacebased analysis in a sample of monolinguals and simultaneous bilinguals (N=88) that only differed in their language experience from birth. This analysis allowed us to study with great anatomical precision the potential differences in morphology of key subcortical structures, namely, the caudate, accumbens, putamen, globus pallidus and thalamus.Vertexwise analyses revealed significantly expanded subcortical structures for bilinguals compared to monolinguals, localized in bilateral putamen and thalamus, as well as in the left globus pallidus and right caudate nucleus. A topographical interpretation of our results suggests that a more complex phonological system in bilinguals may lead to a greater development of a subcortical brain network involved in monitoring articulatory processes.

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“…Abnormalities in the medio-dorsal, pulvinar, and centromedian nuclei of the thalamus, all connected to the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC), a site of well-documented abnormalities in schizophrenia (Weinberger et al, 2001), have been reported with several methods (eg, Andrews et al, 2006;Byne et al, 2002;Byne et al, 2007;Harms et al, 2007;Hazlett et al, 1999;Kemether et al, 2003;Kessler et al, 2009;Kumari et al, 2010;Lehrer et al, 2005;Popken et al, 2000;Rose et al, 2006, but see, for example, Danos et al, 2005;Dorph-Petersen et al, 2004;Kreczmanski et al, 2007 for negative findings). Some functional MRI (fMRI) studies found abnormalities in the correlation between the activity in the thalamus and the PFC in schizophrenia (eg, Meda et al, 2010;Schlosser et al, 2003;Welsh et al, 2010;Zhou et al, 2007), which may reflect alterations in anatomical connectivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Anatomical Thalamo-Cortical Connectivity and fMRI Activation in Schizophrenia

Marenco

Stein

Savostyanova

et al. 2011

Neuropsychopharmacol

143

101

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The purpose of this study was to examine measures of anatomical connectivity between the thalamus and lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) in schizophrenia and to assess their functional implications. We measured thalamocortical connectivity with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and probabilistic tractography in 15 patients with schizophrenia and 22 age-and sex-matched controls. The relationship between thalamocortical connectivity and prefrontal cortical blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) functional activity as well as behavioral performance during working memory was examined in a subsample of 9 patients and 18 controls. Compared with controls, schizophrenia patients showed reduced total connectivity of the thalamus to only one of six cortical regions, the LPFC. The size of the thalamic region with at least 25% of model fibers reaching the LPFC was also reduced in patients compared with controls. The total thalamocortical connectivity to the LPFC predicted working memory task performance and also correlated with LPFC BOLD activation. Notably, the correlation with BOLD activation was accentuated in patients as compared with controls in the ventral LPFC. These results suggest that thalamocortical connectivity to the LPFC is altered in schizophrenia with functional consequences on working memory processing in LPFC.

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Thalamic Shape Abnormalities in Individuals with Schizophrenia and Their Nonpsychotic Siblings

Cited by 98 publications

References 53 publications

Basal Ganglia Shape Abnormalities in the Unaffected Siblings of Schizophrenia Patients

Basal Ganglia Shape Abnormalities in the Unaffected Siblings of Schizophrenia Patients

Bilingualism at the core of the brain. Structural differences between bilinguals and monolinguals revealed by subcortical shape analysis

Investigation of Anatomical Thalamo-Cortical Connectivity and fMRI Activation in Schizophrenia

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