“…In addition, a direct relationship between VEGF production and leukemic blasts and malignant plasma cells proliferation has been established, thus anti-VEGF agents are being evaluated in many protocols. The anti-angiogenic activity of the drug may be due to a reduction of both VEGF and b-FGF (basic fibroblast growth factor) levels, although disconcordant findings have been reported [1]. Thalidomide was shown to be effective in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma and its role as part of the initial treatment armamentarium is under investigation.…”