That rising obesity levels will greatly add to the burden of cancer: misconceptions I

Cairns, Benjamin J.; Yang, TienYu Owen; Beral,

doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6606024

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Although it is clear that genetic changes to oncogenes and tumour suppressors, for example, play an important role in tumour development and growth, the idea that tumour cells also acquire a metabolic advantage is now largely supported. The complexities involved in a cell's ability to shift from mitochondrial respiration to aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) are beyond the scope of this review, but they have been beautifully reviewed in (29). Rather, we will focus on common features of obese adipocytes and breast tumour cells, centralising around fatty acid metabolism.…”

Section: Dysregulated Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and breast cancer mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Brown¹,

Simpson²

2012

Front Biosci

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Obesity is a known risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer, whereby factors produced by the adipose tissue are known to directly and indirectly affect tumour growth. It is now becoming increasingly clear that both obesity and cancer arise as a consequence of dysregulated metabolism, both in response to altered energy status and endocrine factors, and to intrinsic changes within cells. Moreover, both obesity and cancer lead to localised inflammation, whereby inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins are produced by adipose tissue and tumour cells. Obesity is also a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, with a consequential increase in circulating insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) known to promote tumour cell growth. Interestingly, these factors converge to increase aromatase expression within the breast and hence, estrogen production, thereby increasing the risk of breast cancer and the growth of breast tumour cells. Therapies aimed at treating obesity/diabetes are therefore attractive options for the treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer.

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Section: Dysregulated Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%