Thaumasite formation in limestone filler cements exposed to sodium sulphate solution at 20 °C

Irassar, Edgardo F.; Bonavetti, Viviana L.; Trezza, Mónica Adriana; González, María Cristina García

doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2003.10.003

Cited by 74 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Existing research on the effect of limestone additions to cement has indicated wide-ranging consequences varying from beneficial to detrimental impacts on performance [12,13]. Nonetheless a common conclusion seems to centre on an upper limit of limestone additions that provide an improved resistance and this seems to vary between 15% and 20% [14,15]. Ramezanianpour et al [14] attribute this behaviour to the dilution of cement constituents; there is in effect less material present for the sulfate to react with.…”

Section: Sulfate Resisting Capabilities Of Limestone Cementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of concrete incorporating GGBS in aggressive wastewater environments

O’Connell

McNally

Richardson

2012

Construction and Building Materials

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Concrete is traditionally used as the main component of wastewater facilities. The sulfate and acidic environment presents significant challenges. Supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) such as GGBS are being used in increasing quantities in concrete and have been shown to provide concrete with increased durability in this particular environment. They have traditionally been used with CEM I, but in recent years a shift in concrete practice has led to the introduction of CEM II cements with reduced CO 2 footprint and obvious environmental and economic benefits. However, the change in cement chemistry associated with using CEM II and GGBS must also be accounted for in concrete specifications for aggressive environments. This has particular importance when concrete is exposed to elevated sulfate and sulfuric acid environments, such as that associated with water and wastewater treatment.The performance of CEM II/A-L cements with varying amounts of GGBS was evaluated through a series of tests conducted to determine their durability characteristics in respect of sulfate attack and sulfuric acid attack. As a benchmark, samples were also tested using CEM I cement, CEM I with GGBS, and a sulfate resistant Portland cement. Results have shown that for all cases, the addition of GGBS resulted in considerable reductions in sulfate induced expansion relative to samples using CEM I or CEM II binders alone. A slight improvement in performance relative to sulphate resisting Portland cement (SRPC) binders was also observed. However in respect of the sulfuric acid environment the regime proved too harsh and ultimately resulted in the early failure of all samples. Some difference in performance was noted, but this was not considered noteworthy. The influence of pH and acid type was studied. The conclusions were that the concretes tested cannot adequately address the durability threat to all parts of wastewater infrastructure over a significant life span due to the extraordinarily harsh nature of this form of attack.

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Section: Sulfate Resisting Capabilities Of Limestone Cementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of concrete incorporating GGBS in aggressive wastewater environments

O’Connell

McNally

Richardson

2012

Construction and Building Materials

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“…It can be stated that "conventional" sulfate attack of well made mortars is very slow, much slower than thaumasite sulfate attack (TSA) at low temperatures. Some researchers have reported the formation of small quantities of thaumasite, even at room temperature [19][20][21][22]. It is generally accepted that extensive thaumasite formation is related with low temperature.…”

Section: Visual Inspectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thaumasite form of sulfate attack in limestone cement mortars: A study on long term efficiency of mineral admixtures

Skaropoulou

Tsivilis

Kakali

et al. 2009

Construction and Building Materials

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Concrete and mortar made from limestone cement may exhibit a lack of durability due to the formation of thaumasite. The addition of minerals that improve the concrete durability is expected to slow down the formation of thaumasite. In this work the effect of natural pozzolana, fly ash, ground granulated blastfurnace slag and metakaolin on the thaumasite formation in limestone cement mortar is examined. A limestone cement, containing 15% w/w limestone, was used. Mortar specimens were prepared by replacing a part of limestone cement with the above minerals. The specimens were immersed in a 1.8% MgSO 4 solution and cured at 5 o C and 25 o C.

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“…Other studies showed that at room temperature of 25ºC, no sulfate attack was observed after a year of exposure (Kakali et al 2003;Torres et al 2003;Skaropoulou et al 2009). However, some researchers found that mortars containing high content of limestone from 15% to 30%, suffered from the thaumasite form of sulfate attack at low temperature of 5ºC (Kakali et al 2003;Torres et al 2003;Skaropoulou et al 2009;Justnes 2003;Irassar et al 2005). In general, it can be inferred from the literature that external sulfate attack of mixtures containing limestone filler is firstly governed by mixture resistance to sulfate ion penetration rather than mix composition.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Intergrinding 12% Limestone with Cement on Properties of Cement and Mortar

Mohammadi

South

2016

ACT

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Thaumasite formation in limestone filler cements exposed to sodium sulphate solution at 20 °C

Cited by 74 publications

References 16 publications

Performance of concrete incorporating GGBS in aggressive wastewater environments

Performance of concrete incorporating GGBS in aggressive wastewater environments

Thaumasite form of sulfate attack in limestone cement mortars: A study on long term efficiency of mineral admixtures

Effects of Intergrinding 12% Limestone with Cement on Properties of Cement and Mortar

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