Se4 and Te4 clusters, the intermolecular weakly bound charge-transfer complexes (Se2)(O2) and (Te2)(O2),
and the (X2)(Y2) and (XY)(YX) mixed compounds (X, Y = S, Se, Te) were studied using density functional
theory with all-electron and effective core potential basis sets. All systems were analyzed in terms of interactions
of the diatomic molecules. The energetically favorable “face to face” binding of the diatomic moieties leads
to delocalization of the electron density in the high-lying occupied π*-antibonding orbitals of the tetra-atomic products. The cis structures are minima for all systems considered as a result of this delocalization.
For the clusters and mixed compounds, the cis tetra-atomic structures formed by the diatomic molecules with
equal or similar electronegativities correspond to global minima. The diatomic fragments in these compounds
are nonparallel and have shorter bond lengths than their free diatomic values. For the clusters, the other
low-lying isomers ordered according to their relative stabilities are trans, branched ring, and puckered ring.
The increase in the delocalization of bond lengths leads to a decrease in relative stabilities. The rectangular
configuration was predicted to be a transition state in the degenerate interconversion of two cis forms of Se4
with a chemically insignificant barrier. For Te4, this barrier disappears and the geometry of the cis global
mimima is extremely close to the rectangular structure. The stability of the (XY)(YX) compounds with
heteronuclear diatomic fragments relative to the (X2)(Y2) isomers with the homonuclear diatomic species
increases with a decrease in the difference between the electronegativities of the X and Y atoms. The cis
structures of (Se2)(O2) and (Te2)(O2) with the larger difference in electronegativities between the diatomic
moieties correspond to local minima.