The 17 February 2006 Guinsaugon rock slide-debris avalanche, Southern Leyte, Philippines: deposit characteristics and failure mechanism

Catane, Sandra G.; Cabria, Hillel B.; Zarco, Mark Albert H.; Saturay, Ricarido M.; Mirasol-Robert, Aileen

doi:10.1007/s10064-008-0120-y

Cited by 38 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Last is the discontinuity set trending east with 31/185 • . We can verify these measured dip and dip direction to the actual field measurements considered in a post-disaster report by Catane et al (2008) as shown in Table 2. …”

Section: Identification Of Discontinuities Using Coltop3dsupporting

confidence: 56%

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Hazard mapping related to structurally controlled landslides in Southern Leyte, Philippines

Luzon

Montalbo

Galang

et al. 2016

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The 2006 Guinsaugon landslide in Saint Bernard, Southern Leyte, is one of the largest known landslides in the Philippines in recent history. It consists of a 15-20 million m 3 rockslide-debris avalanche from an approximately 675 m high mountain weakened by continuous movement of the Philippine Fault. The catastrophic Guinsaugon landslide killed 1221 people and displaced 19 000 residents over its 4.5 km path. To investigate the present-day morphology of the scar and potential failure that may occur, analysis of a 5 m resolution InSAR-derived digital elevation model was conducted using Coltop3D and Matterocking software, leading to the generation of a landslide hazard map for the province of Southern Leyte in central Philippines. The dip and dip direction of discontinuity sets that contribute to gravitational failure in mountainous areas of the province were identified and measured using a lower Schmidt-Lambert color scheme. After measurement of the morpho-structural orientations, potential sites of failure were analyzed. Conefall was then utilized to compute the extent of rock mass runout. Results of the analysis show instability in the scarp area of the 2006 Guinsaugon landslide and in adjacent slopes because of the presence of steep discontinuities that range from 45 to 60 • . Apart from the 2006 Guinsaugon landslide site, runout models simulated farther rock mass extent in its adjacent slopes, revealing a high potential for fatal landslides to happen in the municipality of Saint Bernard. Concerned agencies may use maps produced in the same manner as this study to identify possible sites where structurally controlled landslides can occur. In a country like the Philippines, where fractures and faults are common, this type of simulated hazard maps would be useful for disaster prevention and facilitate disaster risk reduction efforts for landslide-susceptible areas.

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Section: Identification Of Discontinuities Using Coltop3dsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Based on the observed orientation of discontinuities and immense pore pressure developed from accumulated rainfall, a combined wedge, toppling, and planar slide is believed to have caused gravitational failure at Guinsaugon (Catane et al, 2008). At the foot slope of Mt.…”

Section: Failure Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazard mapping related to structurally controlled landslides in Southern Leyte, Philippines

Luzon

Montalbo

Galang

et al. 2016

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Previous studies have shown that the failure model of slope is controlled by rock mass structure (Bieniawski, 1989; Glastonbury & Fell, 2010; Goodman & Kieffer, 2000; Margielewski, 2006). Thus, discontinuities in the source area were usually measured to predict rock behavior on slopes (Catane et al, 2008; Pedrazzini et al, 2012). Although our experimental results clearly show that rock mass structure may influence the runout distance of analog blocks, it is difficult to apply this result to real rockfall analysis because a rock mass with joints will roll and separate in the falling stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of Rock Mass Structure to the Emplacement of Fragmenting Rockfalls and Rockslides: Insights From Laboratory Experiments

Lin

Cheng

et al. 2020

JGR Solid Earth

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Rockfalls and rockslides often occur in mountainous areas, and they may develop into rock avalanches because of fragmentation. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to study the contributions of rock mass structure to the emplacement of fragmenting rockfalls and rockslides. In these experiments, we considered the process of breakable analog blocks with different structures sliding along an inclined plane, impacting at the kink point with a horizontal plane where deposition occurs. The results show that the initial geometrical subdivision (i.e., the rock mass structure) of the source rock can greatly influence the impact of the fragmentation process and total runout, while the degree of fragmentation controls the travel distance of the center of mass. The occurrence of transversal discontinuities enhances the momentum transfer efficiency from the rear to the front part of the rock mass. A negative correlation between the apparent friction coefficient (linked to the total runout) and equivalent friction coefficient (linked to the center of mass runout) was found, which appears to be induced by fragmentation. We proposed a new fragmentation-spreading model to describe this negative correlation. This simple physical model supports the importance of fragmentation in rock fragment trajectories and the runout of rockfalls and rockslides. Fragmentation is an energy-sinking process that will shorten the runout of the center of mass. Thus, we suggest that impact fragmentation does not fully account for the long runout of large rockfalls and rockslides.

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“…For example, Hsu (1978) quoting Heim (1882) reports an estimated average velocity of around 50 m/s for the 1881 Elm event, while Plafker and Ericksen (1978) estimate an average velocity of 80 m/s for the 1970 Huascaran event with some detached rocks travelling at speeds in excess of 280 m/s. Large clouds of dust have been observed to be generated above such moving masses (for example, during the Frank rock avalanche of 1906 (Cruden and Hungr 1986)) and this may occur even when water ingress due to heavy precipitation and basal erosion has occurred (e.g., Catane et al 2008 on the 2006 rock-debris avalanche in Southern Leyte). On some occasions, wind blasts have occurred ahead of and adjacent to the flow (Hsu 1978;Plafker and Ericksen 1978).…”

Section: Common Elements Of Sturzströmementioning

confidence: 99%

Physical models of rock avalanche spreading behaviour with dynamic fragmentation

2012

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The dynamic fragmentation of rock during avalanche motion has been postulated as a mechanism explaining the long runout of large rock avalanches or Sturzströme. This paper investigates whether test conditions that produce dynamic fragmentation can lead to greater runout or spreading of physical model rock avalanches. Model avalanche experiments were carried out under enhanced acceleration to generate breakage in coal, a fragmentable, brittle solid. Coal blocks were released from a stationary position on a slope to run out on a plane. The motion of the ensuing fragmenting debris was captured using a high-speed camera placed above the horizontal plane. The average position of the front was tracked and the degree of fragmentation of the model avalanches was quantified. The paper presents results of the frontal velocity of the avalanches, corrected for centrifuge Coriolis effects. Comparison is made between the peak and impulsive front velocities, the final runout, and the degree of fragmentation of the model avalanches. Strong relationships are found between runout normalized by the cube root of volume, impulse velocity, and Hardin’s relative breakage parameter, BR. Results are discussed in light of the mechanics involved and are compared with field-scale events.

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The 17 February 2006 Guinsaugon rock slide-debris avalanche, Southern Leyte, Philippines: deposit characteristics and failure mechanism

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

Hazard mapping related to structurally controlled landslides in Southern Leyte, Philippines

Hazard mapping related to structurally controlled landslides in Southern Leyte, Philippines

Contributions of Rock Mass Structure to the Emplacement of Fragmenting Rockfalls and Rockslides: Insights From Laboratory Experiments

Physical models of rock avalanche spreading behaviour with dynamic fragmentation

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