The 2009/10 Drought in China: Possible Causes and Impacts on Vegetation

Barriopedro, David; Gouveia, Célia M.; Trigo, Ricardo M.; Wang, Lin

doi:10.1175/jhm-d-11-074.1

Cited by 216 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Before the data are gridded, an objective quality control procedure is applied (Hamada et al, 2011). Previous studies confirmed the high quality of the data (Rajeevan and Bhate, 2009;Krishnamurti et al, 2009;Wu and Gao, 2013). The rain-gauge network in China is dense except in climatologically dry regions, i.e.…”

Section: Observational Data and Indicessupporting

confidence: 65%

Interannual rainfall variability over China in the MetUM GA6 and GC2 configurations

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Six climate simulations of the Met Office Unified Model Global Atmosphere 6.0 and Global Coupled 2.0 configurations are evaluated against observations and reanalysis data for their ability to simulate the mean state and year-to-year variability of precipitation over China. To analyse the sensitivity to air-sea coupling and horizontal resolution, atmosphere-only and coupled integrations at atmospheric horizontal resolutions of N96, N216 and N512 (corresponding to ∼ 200, 90 and 40 km in the zonal direction at the equator, respectively) are analysed. The mean and interannual variance of seasonal precipitation are too high in all simulations over China but improve with finer resolution and coupling. Empirical orthogonal teleconnection (EOT) analysis is applied to simulated and observed precipitation to identify spatial patterns of temporally coherent interannual variability in seasonal precipitation. To connect these patterns to large-scale atmospheric and coupled air-sea processes, atmospheric and oceanic fields are regressed onto the corresponding seasonal mean time series. All simulations reproduce the observed leading pattern of interannual rainfall variability in winter, spring and autumn; the leading pattern in summer is present in all but one simulation. However, only in two simulations are the four leading patterns associated with the observed physical mechanisms. Coupled simulations capture more observed patterns of variability and associate more of them with the correct physical mechanism, compared to atmosphere-only simulations at the same resolution. However, finer resolution does not improve the fidelity of these patterns or their associated mechanisms. This shows that evaluating climate models by only geographical distribution of mean precipitation and its interannual variance is insufficient. The EOT analysis adds knowledge about coherent variability and associated mechanisms.

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Section: Observational Data and Indicessupporting

confidence: 65%

Interannual rainfall variability over China in the MetUM GA6 and GC2 configurations

et al. 2018

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“…The detected Ex-1 (the biggest one) shown in Section 4.1 cover these area and period. While, the range of Ex-1 covers most of this latitude, that could be the result of atmospheric transport, and effect of drought-induced CO2 emissions in eastern Eurasia, discussed in Barriopedro et al [73]. The small region of high XCO2 in eastern North America is not associated with a high temperature or drought event.…”

Section: Spatial Patterns Of Extreme High Co2 Concentrations During Ementioning

confidence: 94%

Detection of Spatiotemporal Extreme Changes in Atmospheric CO2 Concentration Based on Satellite Observations

Lei

Welp

et al. 2018

Remote Sensing

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Atmospheric CO 2 concentrations are sensitive to the effects of climate extremes on carbon sources and sinks of the land biosphere. Therefore, extreme changes of atmospheric CO 2 can be used to identify anomalous sources and sinks of carbon. In this study, we develop a spatiotemporal extreme change detection method for atmospheric CO 2 concentrations using column-averaged CO 2 dry air mole fraction (XCO 2 ) retrieved from the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) from 1 June 2009 to 31 May 2016. For extreme events identified, we attributed the main drivers using surface environmental parameters, including surface skin temperature, self-calibrating Palmer drought severity index, burned area, and gross primary production (GPP). We also tested the sensitivity of XCO 2 response to changing surface CO 2 fluxes using model simulations and Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS)-Chem atmospheric transport. Several extreme high XCO 2 events are detected around mid-2010 over Eurasia and in early 2016 in the tropics. The magnitudes of extreme XCO 2 increases are around 1.5-1.8 ppm in the Northern Hemisphere and 1.2-1.4 ppm in Southern Hemisphere. The spatiotemporal pattern of detected high XCO 2 events are similar to patterns of local surface environmental parameter extremes. The extreme high XCO 2 events often occurred during periods of increased temperature, severe drought, increased wildfire or reduced GPP. Our sensitivity tests show that the magnitude of detectable anomalies varies with location, for example 25% or larger anomalies in local CO 2 emission fluxes are detectable in tropical forest, whereas anomalies must be half again as large in mid-latitudes (~37.5%). In conclusion, we present a method for extreme high XCO 2 detection, and large changes in land CO 2 fluxes. This provides another tool to monitor large-scale changes in the land carbon sink and potential feedbacks on the climate system.

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“…With global climate change, China, whose per capita cultivated land is only 32% that of the global average, has suffered severe droughts in recent decades [4,20]. The economic losses caused by droughts far exceed those caused by other natural disasters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPI-Based Analyses of Drought Changes over the Past 60 Years in China’s Major Crop-Growing Areas

et al. 2018

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This study analyzes the changes in drought patterns in China's major crop-growing areas over the past 60 years. The analysis was done using both weather station data and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) rainfall data to calculate the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The results showed that the occurrences of extreme drought were the most serious in recent years in the Southwest China and Sichuan crop-growing areas. The Yangtze River (MLRY) and South China crop-growing areas experienced extreme droughts during 1960-1980, whereas the Northeast China and Huang-Huai-Hai crop-growing areas experienced extreme droughts around 2003. The analysis showed that the SPIs calculated by TRMM data at time scales of one, three, and six months were reliable for monitoring drought in the study regions, but for 12 months, the SPIs calculated by gauge and TRMM data showed less consistency. The analysis of the spatial distribution of droughts over the past 15 years using TMI rainfall data revealed that more than 60% of the area experienced extreme drought in 2011 over the MLRY region and in 1998 over the Huang-Huai-Hai region. The frequency of different intensity droughts presented significant spatial heterogeneity in each crop-growing region.

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The 2009/10 Drought in China: Possible Causes and Impacts on Vegetation

Cited by 216 publications

References 63 publications

Interannual rainfall variability over China in the MetUM GA6 and GC2 configurations

Interannual rainfall variability over China in the MetUM GA6 and GC2 configurations

Detection of Spatiotemporal Extreme Changes in Atmospheric CO2 Concentration Based on Satellite Observations

SPI-Based Analyses of Drought Changes over the Past 60 Years in China’s Major Crop-Growing Areas

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