The 2015 Ukraine Blackout: Implications for False Data Injection Attacks

Liang, Gaoqi; Weller, Steven R.; Zhao, Junhua; Luo, Fengji; Zhang, Dong

doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2016.2631891

Cited by 970 publications

(340 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…While this might be sufficient, we recognize that in many situations humans are the most likely point of failure. Humans tend to behave in a manner that was not anticipated or expected . The flows from FBED do contain human flows (eg, human energy ) that can be used to begin to develop irrationality initiators that are human caused.…”

Section: Discussion and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A method of identifying and analyzing irrational system behavior in a system of systems

Bossuyt

O’Halloran

Arlitt

2019

Systems Engineering

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System of interest (SoI) failures can sometimes be traced to an unexpected behavior occurring within another system that is a member of the system of systems (SoS) with the SoI. This article presents a method for use when designing an SoI that helps to analyze an SoS for unexpected behaviors from existing SoS members during the SoI's conceptual functional modeling phase of system architecture. The concept of irrationality initiators—unanticipated or unexpected failure flows emitted from one system that adversely impact an SoI, which appear to be impossible or irrational to engineers developing the new system—is introduced and implemented in a quantitative risk analysis method. The method is implemented in the failure flow identification and propagation framework to yield a probability distribution of failure paths through an SoI in the SoS. An example of a network of autonomous vehicles operating in a partially denied environment is presented to demonstrate the method. The method presented in this paper allows practitioners to more easily identify potential failure paths and prioritize fixing vulnerabilities in an SoI during functional modeling when significant changes can still be made with minimal impact to cost and schedule.

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Section: Discussion and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A method of identifying and analyzing irrational system behavior in a system of systems

Bossuyt

O’Halloran

Arlitt

2019

Systems Engineering

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“…The first ever cyber-attack on three Ukrainian regional electric power distribution companies that caused a widespread poweroutage in Ukraine on December 23, 2015 demonstrates the practical feasibility of mounting such an attack successfully [33]. Moreover, we assume that an attacker has continuous remote or physical access to the communication network of the WAMS from which he can intercept and capture measurement data from the selected PMUs.…”

Section: ) Threat Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Comparison of Multicast Authentication for Wide Area Monitoring Systems

Tesfay

Boudec

2018

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

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Abstract-Multicast is proposed as a preferred communication mechanism for many power grid applications. One of the biggest challenges for multicast in smart grid is ensuring source authentication without violating the stringent time requirement. The research community and standardization bodies have proposed several authentication mechanisms for smart grid multicast applications. In this paper, we evaluate different authentication schemes and identify the best candidates for phasor data communication in wide area monitoring systems (WAMS). We first do an extensive literature review of existing solutions and establish a short list of schemes to evaluate. Second we make an experimental comparison of the chosen schemes in an operational smart grid pilot and evaluate the performance of these schemes by using the following metrics: computation, communication and key management overheads. The best candidates we consider are two variants of ECDSA, TV-HORS and three variants of Incompletekey-set. We find ECDSA without pre-computed tokens and all the Incomplete-key-set variants are inapplicable for WAMS due to their high computation overhead. The ECDSA variant that uses pre-computed tokens and TV-HORS perform well in all metrics; however, TV-HORS has potential drawbacks due to a large key management overhead as a result of the frequent distribution of a large public key per source.

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“…December 23, 2015, Ukrainian power grid was attacked through the Internet [5], and thus about 700,000 residents sustained power outage for several hours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-module Power System Resilience Assessment Framework under Different Types of Disasters

Zhang¹,

Bie²,

Li³

2018

dteees

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With the frequent occurrence of natural disasters and the increasing of terrorism, the study of power system resilience has attracted extensive attention. Based on the three stages of the development of different disasters: pre-disaster, during-disaster and post-disaster, this paper proposes a complete assessment framework of power system resilience. It defines the toughness of power system under various types of disasters, the losses caused by disaster, the response ability of power system, the recovery ability and some other concepts or indices, in order to reflect the levels of power system resilience synthetically. IEEE RTS 79 system is tested to verify the effectiveness of the proposed assessment framework. The new framework can measure the robustness and power restoration ability of power system under various disasters, making up the shortcomings of existing resilience assessment methodologies.

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The 2015 Ukraine Blackout: Implications for False Data Injection Attacks

Cited by 970 publications

References 6 publications

A method of identifying and analyzing irrational system behavior in a system of systems

A method of identifying and analyzing irrational system behavior in a system of systems

Experimental Comparison of Multicast Authentication for Wide Area Monitoring Systems

Three-module Power System Resilience Assessment Framework under Different Types of Disasters

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