The 2019-2020 Indios, Puerto Rico earthquake sequence: seismicity and faulting

Vičič, Blaž; Momeni, Seyyedmaalek; Borghi, Alessandra; Lomax, Anthony; Aoudia, Abdelkrim

doi:10.31223/x5tp5n

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Later, in September 2022, Hurricane Fiona caused flooding in parts of the island and once again, Puerto Ricans suffered infrastructure damages. On 7 January 2020, Puerto Rico was impacted by yet another natural disaster, a series of earthquakes that caused structural damage throughout the southwest of the island [55,56].…”

Section: Isolated Communities' Health-related Prioritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Forums as Amplifiers of Communities’ Voices: Isolated Communities in Puerto Rico

Sánchez Colón,

Acosta Pérez,

Roubert Rivera

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Social determinants of health contribute to health disparities and inequities. We conducted a community forum on the topic of isolation with the objectives of (1) identifying and prioritizing key health-related issues needing attention in isolated communities in Puerto Rico; (2) developing strategies in terms of Policies, Programs, and Practices to address the community priorities we identified. We used the triangulation method for qualitative data, integrating the Colorado State University’s Tri-ethnic Center Model and the Delphi Technique for a better understanding of community health needs and priorities. The five community health-related priorities identified in the community forum were: (1) access to health services (physical and mental); (2) older adults; (3) access to basic services; (4) preparedness for future disasters/emergencies; and (5) COVID-19 and access to vaccination. The Alliance Leaders and Advisory Boards understand that we will work with the priorities of preparedness for future natural disasters/emergencies and COVID-19 and access to vaccination. Fifteen strategies were developed for these priorities and were grouped into five areas that require more attention in order to reduce health disparities. Isolated communities in Puerto Rico present an intersectionality of factors that affect a wide range of health-related risks and outcomes.

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Section: Isolated Communities' Health-related Prioritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Forums as Amplifiers of Communities’ Voices: Isolated Communities in Puerto Rico

Sánchez Colón,

Acosta Pérez,

Roubert Rivera

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“…Application of NLL‐SSST‐coherence locations is also presented in Lomax (2020b) for the 2020 Mw 6.5 Monte Cristo, Nevada sequence, and in Vičič et al. (2021) for the 2019–2020 Mw 5.6–6.4 southwest Puerto Rico sequence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to relative location catalogs, the NLL-SSST-coherence relocations recover well smaller scale patterns and features in the seismicity, with evidence of improved, larger scale relative location accuracy when there are few stations over or near the seismicity. Application of NLL-SSST-coherence locations is also presented in Lomax (2020b) for the 2020 Mw 6.5 Monte Cristo, Nevada sequence, and in Vičič et al (2021) for the 2019-2020 Mw 5.6-6.4 southwest Puerto Rico sequence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Precision Earthquake Location Using Source‐Specific Station Terms and Inter‐Event Waveform Similarity

Lomax¹,

Savvaidis

2021

JGR Solid Earth

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Earthquake monitoring and many seismological studies depend on earthquake locations from phase arrival‐times. We present an extended, arrival‐time earthquake location procedure (NLL‐SSST‐coherence) which approaches the precision of differential‐timing based, relative location methods. NLL‐SSST‐coherence is based on the probabilistic, global‐search NonLinLoc (NLL) location algorithm which defines a probability density function (PDF) in 3D space for hypocenter location and is highly robust to outlier data. NLL‐SSST‐coherence location first reduces velocity model error through iteratively generated, smooth, source‐specific, station travel‐time corrections (SSST). Next, arrival‐time error is reduced by consolidating location information across events based on inter‐event waveform coherency. If the waveforms at a station for multiple events are very similar (have high coherency) up to a given frequency, then the distance separating these “multiplet” events is small relative to the seismic wavelength at that frequency. NLL‐coherence relocation for a target event is a stack over 3D space of the NLL‐SSST location PDF for the event and the PDF's for other multiplet events, each weighted by its waveform coherency with the target. NLL‐coherence relocation requires waveforms from only one or a few seismic stations, enabling precise relocation with sparse networks, for foreshocks and early aftershocks of significant events before installation of temporary stations, and for older data sets with few waveform data. We show the behavior and performance of NLL‐SSST‐coherence with synthetic and ground‐truth tests, and through application and comparison to relative locations for California earthquake sequences with dense and sparse station coverage.

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Characterization of Swarm and Mainshock–Aftershock Behavior in Puerto Rico

Ventura-Valentin

Brudzinski

2022

Seismological Research Letters

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The recent Indios, Puerto Rico earthquake sequence has drawn attention, as the increased seismicity rate in this area was unprecedented. The sequence began on 28 December 2019, caused a 6.4 magnitude earthquake on 7 January 2020, and remained active over a year later. This sequence fits the nominal definition of an earthquake swarm in that it had an abrupt onset, a sustained high rate of seismicity without a clear triggering mainshock or evidence for Omori decay, and a lack of adherence to Bath’s law. However, the sequence also had several prominent mainshock–aftershock (MS–AS) sequences embedded within it. We applied three-station waveform cross correlation to the early part of this sequence using the Puerto Rico Seismic Network (PRSN) catalog as templates, which confirmed the mixture of swarm and MS–AS patterns. In an effort to place this intriguing sequence in the context of the previous seismicity in Puerto Rico, we investigated the existence of swarms and MS–AS sequences recorded by the PRSN since 1987 by identifying sequences with increased seismicity rate when compared to the background rate. About 59 sequences were manually verified and characterized into swarms or MS–AS. We found that 58% of the sequences follow traditional swarm patterns and 14% adhere to traditional MS–AS behavior, whereas 29% of the sequences have a mixture of both swarm and MS–AS behaviors. These findings suggest that it is not unusual for the Indios sequence to have a mixture of both the characteristics. In addition, the detection of many swarms distributed over a broad area of the subduction interface indicates stress heterogeneity and low-coupling consistent with prior studies indicating that the potential for a magnitude ∼8 megathrust earthquake along the Puerto Rico trench is unlikely.

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The 2019-2020 Indios, Puerto Rico earthquake sequence: seismicity and faulting

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Community Forums as Amplifiers of Communities’ Voices: Isolated Communities in Puerto Rico

Community Forums as Amplifiers of Communities’ Voices: Isolated Communities in Puerto Rico

High‐Precision Earthquake Location Using Source‐Specific Station Terms and Inter‐Event Waveform Similarity

Characterization of Swarm and Mainshock–Aftershock Behavior in Puerto Rico

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