The 2021 World Health Organization classification of gliomas: an imaging approach

Abstract

The purpose of this pictorial essay is to describe the recommendations of the 2021 World Health Organization classification for adult-type and pediatric-type gliomas and to discuss the main modifications in relation to the previous (2016) classification, exemplified by imaging, histological, and molecular findings in nine patients followed at our institutions. In recent years, molecular biomarkers have gained importance in the diagnosis and classification of gliomas, mainly because they have been shown to correlate with the biological behavior and prognosis of such tumors. It is important for neuroradiologists to familiarize themselves with this new classification of central nervous system tumors, so that they can use this knowledge in evaluating and reporting the imaging examinations of patients with glioma.

Assessment of Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery as an Adjuvant Therapy in First-Line Management of Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma: Insights from Ten Years at a Neuroscience Center

“…Future stratification would be needed in order to objectively make the assessment of the effect of any medical treatment including radiosurgery in conjunction with chemotherapy or IMRT and chemotherapy to define the control of the disease. Likewise, 1p/19q deletion identifies a good prognosis since these gliomas are related to oligodendrogliomas, which tend to be more radiosensitive and chemosensitive [41][42][43][44].…”