THE 22 MONTH
                    <i>SWIFT</i>
                    -BAT ALL-SKY HARD X-RAY SURVEY

Tueller, J.; Baumgartner, W. H.; Markwardt, C. B.; Skinner, G. K.; Mushotzky, R. F.; Ajello, M.; Barthelmy, S. D.; Beardmore, A. P.; Brandt, W. N.; Burrows, D. N.; Chincarini, G.; Campana, S.; Cummings, J. R.; Cusumano, G.; Evans, P. A.; Fenimore, E. E.; Gehrels, N.; Godet, O.; Grupe, D.; Holland, S. T.; Kennea, J. A.; Krimm, H. A.; Koss, Michael; Moretti, A.; Mukai, K.; Osborne, J. P.; Okajima, Takashi; Pagani, C.; Page, K. L.; Palmer, D. M.; Parsons, A.; Schneider, Donald P.; Sakamoto, T.; Sambruna, R. M.; Sato, G.; Stamatikos, M.; Stroh, M. C.; Ukwata, T.; Winter, L. M.

doi:10.1088/0067-0049/186/2/378

Cited by 206 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In a similar energy range as IBIS, the Swift/BAT instrument provides a comparable distribution of the hard X-ray source population in the different classes Tueller et al 2010), with a slightly larger fraction of AGNs (∼60%) and a smaller fraction of X-ray binaries (∼25%) than in the 4th IBIS survey. These differences between the IBIS and BAT surveys can be attributed to different (and, to some extent, complementary) spacecraft observational strategies, INTEGRAL being mainly dedicated to Galactic plane scans and Swift covering more of the ecliptic pole regions and the sky outside the Galactic plane (see Bird et al 2010;Cusumano et al 2010;and Tueller et al 2010, for details).…”

Section: Statistical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In these tables, X-ray luminosities were computed from the fluxes reported in Voges et al (1999Voges et al ( , 2000, Saxton et al (2008), Krivonos et al (2009, Cusumano et al (2010), Krivonos et al (2010), Landi et al (2010), Rodriguez et al (2010), and Tueller et al (2010).…”

Section: Agnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, we slightly corrected the classification of Swift J1513.8−8125 from Seyfert 1.9 (as given in Tueller et al 2010) to Seyfert 1.2, based on the appearance of its optical spectrum (Fig. 9, lower left panel).…”

Section: Agnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unveiling the nature ofINTEGRALobjects through optical spectroscopy

Masetti¹,

Parisi

Palazzi³

et al. 2010

A&A

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Hard X-ray surveys performed by the INTEGRAL satellite have discovered a conspicuous fraction (up to 30%) of unidentified objects among the detected sources. Here we continue our program of identification of these objects by (i) selecting probable optical candidates by means of positional cross-correlation of the INTEGRAL detections with soft X-ray, radio, and/or optical archives and (ii) performing optical spectroscopy on them. As a result, we pinpointed and identified, or more accurately characterized, 44 definite or likely counterparts of INTEGRAL sources. Among them, 32 are active galactic nuclei (AGNs; 18 with broad emission lines, 13 with narrow emission lines only, and one X-ray bright, optically normal galaxy) with redshift 0.019 < z < 0.6058, 6 cataclysmic variables (CVs), 5 high-mass X-ray binaries (2 of which in the Small Magellanic Cloud), and 1 low-mass X-ray binary. This was achieved by using 7 telescopes of various sizes and archival data from two online spectroscopic surveys. The main physical parameters of these hard X-ray sources were also determined using the multiwavelength information available in the literature. In general, AGNs are the most abundant population among hard X-ray objects, and our results confirm the tendency of finding AGNs more frequently than any other type of hard X-ray emitting object among unidentified INTEGRAL sources when optical spectroscopy is used as an identification tool. Moreover, the deeper sensitivity of the more recent INTEGRAL surveys enables one to begin detecting hard X-ray emission above 20 keV from sources such as LINER-type AGNs and non-magnetic CVs.

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Section: Statistical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Agnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unveiling the nature ofINTEGRALobjects through optical spectroscopy

Masetti¹,

Parisi

Palazzi³

et al. 2010

A&A

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“…Lawrence & Elvis (2010) reviewed the studies that dealt with the fraction of obscured AGN and concluded that the obscured fraction for the non-X-ray selected samples has a mean value of about 0.58 with a dispersion of ∼0.05. They also gave a rough estimate of 0.53 for the obscured fraction using the updated Swift/BAT hard X-ray catalogue (Tueller et al 2010), after applying the correction for missing Compton thick objects (Risaliti, Maiolino & Salvati 1999). The covering factors of a sample of 5281 WISE, UKIDSS and SDSS selected high luminosity quasars (L Bol > 10 46 erg s −1 ) with redshift <1.5 was determined by Roseboom et al (2013).…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the torus covering factors for a sample of type 1 AGN in the local Universe

Ezhikode¹,

Gandhi

Done

et al. 2017

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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“…At present, the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT, Barthelmy et al 2005) aboard the Swift satellite (Gehrels et al 2004) is performing the most sensitive and complete survey of the sky in the hard X rays. The analysis of progressively longer periods provided with BAT survey data has produced in recent years catalogues and lists of Galactic and extragalactic sources (Markwardt et al 2005;Ajello et al 2008;Tueller et al 2008;Ajello et al 2009b;Tueller et al 2010). The largest (to date) hard X-ray catalogue, obtained from the reduction of 39 months of BAT survey data accumulated since its A&A 520, A47 (2010) launch, is the First Palermo BAT Catalogue (hereafter PBC39, Cusumano et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The blazar content in theSwift-BAT hard X-ray sky

Maselli

Cusumano

Massaro

et al. 2010

A&A

Self Cite

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Aims. We present the results from a study of the blazar content in the 15-150 keV map of the entire sky obtained analysing 39 months of data collected by the BAT telescope aboard the Swift satellite. Methods. We performed a cross-correlation of the significance map, obtained with a dedicated highly efficient algorithm for data processing and image reconstruction of the BAT survey data, with the blazar population of the Roma-BZCAT. After corrections for source confusion and spurious detections, we found significance excesses higher than two standard deviations for 304 sources, and the corresponding fraction of expected spurious associations is ∼20%. We selected hard X-ray blazars according to their significance level and carried out a statistical analysis to characterise their emission properties. Results. A sample of 121 blazars detected at a significance level σ > 3 is discussed in greater detail. The fraction of blazars with uncertain classification in this sample is considerable (∼23%), more than twice the percentage obtained considering all the blazars classified in the Roma-BZCAT (∼9%). We attribute the X-ray flux of the majority of selected BL Lac objects to the synchrotron emission.

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THE 22 MONTH SWIFT -BAT ALL-SKY HARD X-RAY SURVEY

Cited by 206 publications

References 53 publications

Unveiling the nature ofINTEGRALobjects through optical spectroscopy

Unveiling the nature ofINTEGRALobjects through optical spectroscopy

Determining the torus covering factors for a sample of type 1 AGN in the local Universe

The blazar content in theSwift-BAT hard X-ray sky

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