The 226Ra, 232Th and 40K activities in beach sand minerals and beach soils of Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Alam, M.N.; Chowdhury, M. I.; Kamal, Masud; Ghose, S.; Islam, Nazrul; Mustafa, M.N.; Miah, M.M.H.; Ansary, M.M.

doi:10.1016/s0265-931x(98)00143-x

Cited by 151 publications

(82 citation statements)

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“…Depending on its geological genetic environment, xenotime is considered to be a primary source of HREE and actinides and it is a common accessory mineral in many non-basic igneous rocks, most granitic rocks and granitic pegmatites where it accounts for significant fraction of Y and HREE of bulk rock composition (bea, 1996;FöRsteR, 1998b), while it is also present in migmatites and high-grade metamorphic rocks (FöRsteR, 1998b). Minerals such as monazite and xenotime are considered to be of economic importance especially when enriched in actinides (i.e., U and Th) for their use in nuclear industry, however they may pose an environmental hazard due to increased natural radiation (alaM et al, 1999;Vassas et al, 2006;Rao & MisRa, 2009). Regarding actinides, monazite is known to more often contain Th, while xenotime is more likely to contain U and also smaller amounts of Th (Van eMden et al, 1997;kiM et al, 2009;deeR et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

REE-bearing minerals in Drava river sediments, Slovenia, and their potential origin

Šoster¹,

Zavašnik²,

Ravnjak³

et al. 2017

Geologija

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Monazite and xenotime are major ore minerals for rare earth elements (REE), Y, and actinides, a powerful tool for radiometric dating and indicators of the geological genesis of the parent rock. In this contribution, we present results of microanalysis of monazite and xenotime mineral grains found in heavy mineral sand fraction from Drava river. Investigated grains of monazite(-Ce) were found to be exhibiting varying concentrations of Th, indicating mixed hydrothermal (or greenschist-amphibolite grade) and igneous origin. Monazite was found to be isomorphically replaced by cheralite (CaTh(PO 4 ) 2 ) and subordinately by huttonite (ThSiO 4 ), forming monazitecheralite and monazite-huttonite solid solution. Chemical composition and the degree of isomorphic replacement of monazite grains are indicating their source from rocks of Eclogite belt and Granatspitz massif in Tauern Window, Austria. On the other hand xenotime(-Y) shows consistent concentrations of Y while concentrations of associated heavy rare earth elements (HREE) vary, indicating the origin of mixed affinities. IzvlečekMinerala monazit in ksenotim sta pomemben vir redkih zemelj, itrija in aktinidov. Lahko ju uporabimo tudi kot orodje za radiometrično datiranje (geokronologijo), ter kot indikator geneze matične kamnine. V prispevku predstavljamo rezultate mikroanalize zrn monacita in ksenotima zaznanih v frakciji težkih peskov reke Drave. Cerijev monacit ima spremenljive vsebnosti Th, kar kaže na njegov hidrotermalni izvor ali izvor iz metamorfnih (od faciesa zelenega skrilavca do amfibolitnega faciesa) in magmatskih kamnin. Rezultati mikroanalize monacita kažejo izomorfno nadomeščanje s ceralitom (CaTh(PO 4 ) 2 ) in v manjši meri s huttonitom (ThSiO 4 ), pri čemer tvorijo trdno raztopino. Kemijska sestava in stopnja izomorfnega nadomeščanja monacitnih zrn nakazujejo njihov izvor iz kamnin Eklogitnega pasu in masiva Granatspitz v Visokih Turah v Avstriji. V ksenotimu je najbolj zastopan element Y, ki ima v vseh zrnih enakomerne vsebnosti, medtem ko se vsebnosti težkih redkih zemelj (HREE) spreminjajo, kar kaže na izvor iz različnih geoloških okolij.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

REE-bearing minerals in Drava river sediments, Slovenia, and their potential origin

Šoster¹,

Zavašnik²,

Ravnjak³

et al. 2017

Geologija

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“…The quality parameters include the grain-size composition and sorting, heavy metal constituents, the mineral components, and most importantly, the natural radioactive properties ( 226 Ra,232 Th and 40 K). The study of the concentrations of radionuclides and their distribution in sands enables the assessment of radiological risk due to external human exposure to gamma radiation outdoors and inhalation of airborne radioactivity emanating from building constructions and dwellings (e.g., [5] [6]). Generally, the specific activities of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K in raw building materials and their products depend on their geological and geographical conditions as well as the geochemical features of those materials [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Natural Radioactivity in Marine Sand Deposits from Offshore China

Li¹,

Hu²,

Zhao³

et al. 2017

OJMS

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Natural radioactivity is very important for the assessment of the marine sand property and usability. By using gamma spectrometry, the concentration of the natural radionuclides 226 Ra, 232Th and 40 K have been measured in marine sand deposits from Liaodong Bay (LDB), North Yellow Sea (NYS), Zhoushan area (ZS), Taiwan Shoal (TS) and Pearl River Mouth (PR), offshore China, which are potential marine sand mining areas. The radiation activity equivalent (Raeq), indoor gamma absorbed dose rate (DR), annual effective dose (HR), alpha index (Ia), gamma index (Ig), external radiation hazard index (Hex), internal radiation hazard index (Hin), representative level index (RLI), excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) associated with the natural radionuclides are calculated to assess the radiation hazard of the natural radioactivity in the marine sands offshore China. From the analysis, it is found that these marine sands are safe for the constructions. The Pearson correlation coefficient reveals that the 226 Ra distribution in the marine sands offshore China is controlled by the variation of the 40 K concentration. Principal component analysis (PCA) yields a two-component representation of the entire data from the marine sands, wherein 98.22% of the total variance is explained. Our results provide good baseline data to expand the database of radioactivity of building materials in China and all over the world.

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“…Sometimes heavy minerals separated from beach sand are also used in concrete to increase density of the heavy concrete up to a required level [13,14]. Addition of heavy minerals into shielding concrete incorporates trace elements with long-lived radionuclides [15][16][17][18]. Therefore, heavy minerals with low elemental contents of interest are also important to develop low activation concrete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental Analysis of Raw Materials of Nuclear Reactor Shielding to Develop Low Activation Concrete

MAHMUD¹

2016

Journal of Nuclear Sciences

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In this study, elemental concentrations of Ce, Hf, Fe, Sb, Tb, Sc, Ta, Zn, Cs, Co and Eu in raw materials of reactor biological shielding (cement, sand and heavy minerals separated from beach sand) are determined by research reactor-based instrumental neutron activation analysis technique (INAA) so that a strategy can be made to develop low-activation concrete. These elements are mainly responsible of long-lived radionuclides induced in biological shielding of a reactor during its operation. The concentrations of the studied elements in white Portland cements are much lower in comparison with those in ordinary Portland cements. This study reveals that inland sands contain low concentrations of the studied elements than those of beach sands. Elemental compositional data of the shielding materials can be effectively used to choose ingredients necessary for constructing radiation shielding of a nuclear installation to reduce radiation hazard.

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The 226Ra, 232Th and 40K activities in beach sand minerals and beach soils of Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Cited by 151 publications

References 0 publications

REE-bearing minerals in Drava river sediments, Slovenia, and their potential origin

REE-bearing minerals in Drava river sediments, Slovenia, and their potential origin

Evaluation of Natural Radioactivity in Marine Sand Deposits from Offshore China

Elemental Analysis of Raw Materials of Nuclear Reactor Shielding to Develop Low Activation Concrete

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