The 3.1 Ga Nuggihalli chromite deposits, Western Dharwar craton (India): Geochemical and isotopic constraints on mantle sources, crustal evolution and implications for supercontinent formation and ore mineralization

Mukherjee, Rajarshi; Mondal, Sisir K.; Frei, Robert; Rosing, Minik T.; Waight, Tod E.; Zhong, Hong; Kumar, G. R. Ravindra

doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2012.10.001

Cited by 40 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…These results along with the measured low 87 Sr/ 86 Sr value of 0.70096-0.70111, for the gabbro, point towards derivation of the parental magmas from a depleted mantle source (Mukherjee et al, 2012). Further, these authors hypothesize formation of the Mesoarchean greenstone-hosted Nuggihalli chromite deposit related to amalgamation of a supercontinent.…”

Section: Chromite and Pge Oresmentioning

confidence: 67%

Metallogeny

Mishra¹

2016

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

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This article briefly reviews all contributions by Indian geoscientists in the period 2011-2016 in the field Metallogeny. The contributions covered are mainly on deposits and prospects of chromite, PGE, gold and uranium. Very few contributions have been made on base metals. However, experimental sulfide phase equilibrium research, related to metamorphic remobilization of massive sulfides, has been initiated.

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Section: Chromite and Pge Oresmentioning

confidence: 67%

Metallogeny

Mishra¹

2016

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

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“…Moreover, chromitite layers of up to 20 m thick are known to concentrate in the Anorthosite unit [191] and at the top of the Upper Leucogabbro unit of the Middle Archean (~2.97 Ga) Fiskenaesset Complex, SW Greenland [192]. Anorthosite bearing plutonic suite of Middle Archean (~3.1 Ga) containing chromitite bodies and chromite deposits is known in the Nuggihalli greenstone belt, Dharwar craton (India) [193]. These facts clearly point at trapping and concentration of chromites within anorthosites as well.…”

Section: Initial Concentration Of Pges and Pgms During The Early Eartmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration of Platinum Group Elements during the Early Earth Evolution: A Review*

Pilchin¹,

Eppelbaum²

2017

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Numerous unique geological processes [1] took place during the early Earth evolution; several of them, especially those occurring in the Hadean-Early Archean and later, are reflected in the modern geological (geophysical, geochemical, etc.) pattern. One such significant enigmatic feature is the preservation of extremely dense and heavy platinum group elements (PGEs): Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir, Os. Concentration of PGEs during this period could have taken place in two ways: 1) presence of particular matter capable of preserving PGEs near the earth's surface, 2) transportation of PGEs by magma flows from deep lithospheric (asthenospheric) layers (slabs) to the subsurface. Clearly, much of the dense and heavy PGEs did not sink through to the Earth's mantle (core) at the time of the magma-ocean, and occur near Earth's surface in abundances for formation of ore deposits with PGE concentrations found to be 2 -3 orders of magnitude greater than those in their host media. Their enrichments are associated in numerous cases with such enigmatic phenomena as formation of anorthosites and anorthosite-bearing layered magmatic intrusions. PGE deposits and mineralization zones are also found in associations with chromitites, dunites and serpentinites. In this review, problems related to the initial concentration and preservation of PGEs, their association with anorthosites, and formation of layered intrusions are discussed in detail. The main aim of this article is analysis of the requirements-initial concentration and preservation of PGE and PGM (Platinum Group Minerals) during the early Earth evolution, as well as examination of the distribution behavior of some PGEs in different ore deposits and meteorites. It is supposed that meteoritic bombardment of Earth has played a significant role in formation of PGEs deposits. Some conclusions made in this article may be useful for developing and enhancing strategies of prospecting for PGEs deposits.

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“…1). This craton comprises several early to Mesoarchean greenstone belts (3.4-3.0 Ga; Mukherjee et al 2012 and references therein), also known as the Sargur Group supracrustals (Swami Nath and Ramakrishnan 1981), which occur as discontinuous linear belts (30-60 km × 2-6 km) over the entire length of the craton. The Nuggihalli greenstone belt belongs to the Sargur Group, which is represented by conformable metamorphosed (low-grade greenschist to lower amphibolite facies) volcanic (e.g., komatiite to komatiitic basalts and tholeiites) and sedimentary assemblages (e.g., fuchsitequartzites, banded-iron formations, bedded barites and kyanite-garnet-bearing quartzites and mica schists) that are surrounded by the tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite suite of gneisses (TTG; Fig.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Nuggihalli greenstone belt belongs to the Sargur Group, which is represented by conformable metamorphosed (low-grade greenschist to lower amphibolite facies) volcanic (e.g., komatiite to komatiitic basalts and tholeiites) and sedimentary assemblages (e.g., fuchsitequartzites, banded-iron formations, bedded barites and kyanite-garnet-bearing quartzites and mica schists) that are surrounded by the tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite suite of gneisses (TTG; Fig. 1; Mukherjee et al 2012). Sill-like chromitite-bearing layered peridotitic rocks and magnetitebearing gabbroic rocks commonly occur within the early to Mesoarchean volcano-sedimentary supracrustals, e.g., the Nuggihalli-Holenarsipur-Krishnarajpet-Nagamangala greenstone belts (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trace-element fingerprints of chromite, magnetite and sulfides from the 3.1 Ga ultramafic–mafic rocks of the Nuggihalli greenstone belt, Western Dharwar craton (India)

Mukherjee

Mondal

Gonzáléz-Jiménez

et al. 2015

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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LA-ICPMS) of unaltered chromites indicates that the parental magma of the chromitite ore-bodies was a komatiite lacking nickel-sulfide mineralization. In the Ga/Fe 3+ # versus Ti/Fe 3+ # diagram, the Byrapur chromites plot in the field of suprasubduction zone (SSZ) chromites while those from Bhaktarhalli lie in the MOR field. The above results corroborate our previous results based on majorelement characteristics of the chromites, where the calculated parental melt of the Byrapur chromites was komatiitic to komatiitic basalt, and the Bhaktarhalli chromite was derived from Archean high-Mg basalt. The major-element chromite data hinted at the possibility of a SSZ environment existing in the Archean. Altered and compositionally zoned chromite grains in our study show a decrease in Ga, V, Co, Zn, Mn and enrichments of Ni and Ti in the ferritchromit rims. Trace-element heterogeneity in the altered chromites is attributed to serpentinization. The trace-element patterns of magnetite from the massive magnetite bands in the greenstone belt are similar to those from magmatic Fe-Ti-V-rich magnetite bands in layered intrusions, and magnetites from andesitic melts, suggesting that magnetite crystallized from an evolved gabbroic melt. Enrichments of Ni, Co, Te, As and Bi in disseminated millerite and niccolite occurring within chromitites, and in disseminated bravoite within magnetites, reflect element mobility during serpentinization. Monosulfide solid solution inclusions within pyroxenes (altered to actinolite) in pyroxenite, and interstitial pyrites and chalcopyrites in magnetite, retain primary characteristics except for Fe-enrichment in chalcopyrite, probably due to sub-solidus re-equilibration with magnetite. Disseminated sulfides are depleted in platinum-group elements (PGE) due to late sulfide saturation and the PGE-depleted nature of the mantle source of the sill-like ultramafic-mafic plutonic rocks in the Nuggihalli greenstone belt. AbstractThe 3.1 Ga Nuggihalli greenstone belt in the Western Dharwar craton is comprised of chromitite-bearing sill-like ultramafic-mafic rocks that are surrounded by metavolcanic schists (compositionally komatiitic to komatiitic basalts) and a suite of tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite gneissic rocks. The sill-like plutonic unit consists of a succession of serpentinite (after dunite)-peridotite-pyroxenite and gabbro with bands of titaniferous magnetite ore. The chromitite ore-bodies (length ≈30-500 m; width ≈2-15 m) are hosted by the serpentinite-peridotite unit. Unaltered chromites from massive chromitites (>80 % modal chromite) of the Byrapur and Bhaktarhalli chromite mines in the greenstone belt are characterized by high Cr# (100Cr/(Cr + Al)) of 78-86 and moderate Mg# (100 Mg/ (Mg + Fe 2+ )) of 45-55. In situ trace-element analysis Communicated by Timothy L. Grove. Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (

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The 3.1 Ga Nuggihalli chromite deposits, Western Dharwar craton (India): Geochemical and isotopic constraints on mantle sources, crustal evolution and implications for supercontinent formation and ore mineralization

Cited by 40 publications

References 80 publications

Metallogeny

Metallogeny

Concentration of Platinum Group Elements during the Early Earth Evolution: A Review*

Trace-element fingerprints of chromite, magnetite and sulfides from the 3.1 Ga ultramafic–mafic rocks of the Nuggihalli greenstone belt, Western Dharwar craton (India)

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