The Absorption, metabolism and excretion of furfural in man

Flek, J.; Šedivec, V.

doi:10.1007/bf00572888

Cited by 48 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…About 1 % of the amount of furfural retained after inhalatory exposure was eliminated via expiration, while no free furfural could be demonstrated in the urine. Urinary elimination of metabolites was complete within 24 hours after the beginning of the exposure to furfural vapours (Flek & Sedivec, 1978).…”

Section: Iii22 Absorption Distribution and Elimination Subgroup Iamentioning

confidence: 95%

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Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 13, Revision 2 (FGE.13Rev2): Furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side-chain substituents and heteroatoms from chemical group 14

Flavourings¹

2011

EFSA Journal

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The Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids of the European Food Safety Authority was requested to evaluate 27 flavouring substances in the Flavouring Group Evaluation 13, Revision 2, using the Procedure in Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000. Three of the substances [Fl‐no: 13.125, 13.155 and 13.162] were considered to have genotoxic potential. The remaining 24 substances were evaluated through a stepwise approach (the Procedure) that integrates information on structure‐activity relationships, intake from current uses, toxicological threshold of concern, and available data on metabolism and toxicity. The Panel concluded that the 24 substances do not give rise to safety concerns at their levels of dietary intake, estimated on the basis of the MSDI approach. Besides the safety assessment of these flavouring substances, the specifications for the materials of commerce have also been considered. Adequate specifications including complete purity criteria and identity for the materials of commerce have been provided for all 24 flavouring substances evaluated through the Procedure.

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Section: Iii22 Absorption Distribution and Elimination Subgroup Iamentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In contrast to what has been seen in animals, no free 2-furoic acid was observed, and the authors suggested that this might be due to the low level of furfural to which the volunteers had been exposed (max. ~ 2 mg/kg bw) (Flek & Sedivec, 1978).…”

Section: Iii23 Biotransformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 13, Revision 2 (FGE.13Rev2): Furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side-chain substituents and heteroatoms from chemical group 14

Flavourings¹

2011

EFSA Journal

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“…In einer Expositionskammer wurden zwei bis vier männliche Probanden acht Stun den lang gegenüber 15, 20 oder 31 mg 2Furaldehyd/m 3 exponiert [8]. Die pul monale Retention betrug 75 bis 82 % und hing weder von der Expositionshöhe noch von der Expositionsdauer ab.…”

Section: Humanstudienunclassified

Richtwerte für 2-Furaldehyd in der Innenraumluft. Mitteilung der Ad-hoc-Arbeitsgruppe Innenraumrichtwerte der Innenraumlufthygiene-Kommission des Umweltbundesamtes und der Obersten Landesgesundheitsbehörden

2011

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

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The German Working Group on Indoor Guidelines of the Federal Environment Agency and the States' Health Authorities is issuing indoor air guide values to protect public health. For health evaluation of 2-furaldehyde in air valid human studies are missing. In a subacute inhalation study well documented and assessed as reliable respiratory epithelial lesions such as squamous metaplasia and atypical hyperplasia were observed. The Working Group assessed a lowest observed adverse effect level of 20 mg 2-furaldehyde/m³ for the endpoint irritation following subacute exposure and extrapolated to a chronic lowest adverse effect level of 1 mg 2-furaldehyde/m³. By applying a factor of 5 for interindividual variability of irritation and a modifying factor of 2 regarding data gaps especially for children a health hazard guide value (RW II) of 0.1 mg 2-furaldehyde/m³ is obtained. A health precaution guide value of 0.01 mg 2-furaldehyde/m³ is recommended.

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“…About 78% of inhaled furfural is retained by the body. 9 Skin exposure to airborne furfural can result in skin absorption corresponding with 20-30% of the inhaled dose. 9 The exposure potential for liquid furfural by direct skin contact is even higher.…”

Section: Furfuralmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Skin exposure to airborne furfural can result in skin absorption corresponding with 20-30% of the inhaled dose. 9 The exposure potential for liquid furfural by direct skin contact is even higher. An experimental study showed that the amount absorbed by one hand dipped in furfural liquid for 15 minutes is approximately equal to the amount absorbed by inhaling furfural at a concentration of 2.5 ppm (10 mg/m 3 ) over an 8-hr workday.…”

Section: Furfuralmentioning

confidence: 99%

HETA-95-0147-2542, North American Refractories Company, Cincinnati, Ohio.

1995

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The Absorption, metabolism and excretion of furfural in man

Cited by 48 publications

References 3 publications

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 13, Revision 2 (FGE.13Rev2): Furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side-chain substituents and heteroatoms from chemical group 14

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 13, Revision 2 (FGE.13Rev2): Furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side-chain substituents and heteroatoms from chemical group 14

Richtwerte für 2-Furaldehyd in der Innenraumluft. Mitteilung der Ad-hoc-Arbeitsgruppe Innenraumrichtwerte der Innenraumlufthygiene-Kommission des Umweltbundesamtes und der Obersten Landesgesundheitsbehörden

HETA-95-0147-2542, North American Refractories Company, Cincinnati, Ohio.

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The Absorption, metabolism and excretion of furfural in man

Cited by 48 publications

References 3 publications

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 13, Revision 2 (FGE.13Rev2): Furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side-chain substituents and heteroatoms from chemical group 14

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 13, Revision 2 (FGE.13Rev2): Furfuryl and furan derivatives with and without additional side-chain substituents and heteroatoms from chemical group 14

Richtwerte für 2-Furaldehyd in der Innenraumluft. Mitteilung der Ad-hoc-Arbeitsgruppe ­Innenraumrichtwerte der Innenraumluft­hygiene-Kommission des Umweltbundesamtes und der Obersten Landesgesundheitsbehörden

HETA-95-0147-2542, North American Refractories Company, Cincinnati, Ohio.

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Richtwerte für 2-Furaldehyd in der Innenraumluft. Mitteilung der Ad-hoc-Arbeitsgruppe Innenraumrichtwerte der Innenraumlufthygiene-Kommission des Umweltbundesamtes und der Obersten Landesgesundheitsbehörden