The absorption of dietary L-lysine and extruded L-lysine in pigs

Leibholz, Jane; Love, R.J.; Mollah, Y.; Carter, R.R.

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(86)90021-0

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…because of the low levels of lysine in cereal grains. The digestibility of L-lysineHC1 has been reported to be 100% for pigs (Leibholz et al, 1986) and poultry (Xquierdo et al, 1988). Fecal digestibilities of essential amino acids among lysine sources were, except for methionine, higher than ileal values, with similar trends.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of extrusion on the ileal and fecal digestibilities of lysine in yellow corn in diets for young pigs.

Herkelman

Rodhouse

Veum

et al. 1990

Journal of Animal Science

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Forty crossbred barrows (initial avg BW of 20 kg) were fitted with T-cannulas to determine the effects of extrusion of yellow corn on lysine digestibility. A basal corn-cornstarch-soybean meal diet was formulated to contain .55% lysine. Extruded corn (EC), non-extruded corn (C) and L-Lysine-HCl (LLH) replaced cornstarch in the basal diet to provide total dietary lysine levels of .60, .65 and .70% lysine for each lysine source. Diet intake was 5.5% of BW. Treatments were arranged as a 3 x 3 factorial with the basal diet as an extra dietary treatment. Apparent ileal digestibilities of lysine, threonine, methionine and isoleucine were greater (P less than .05) for diets with added LLH than for diets containing EC or C, which were similar (P greater than .05). Apparent ileal and fecal digestibilities and retention of nitrogen (N) as a percentage of N absorbed or consumed were greater (P less than .05) for diets containing LLH than for those containing EC or C, which were not different (P greater than .05). Plasma urea N levels were also lower (P less than .05) for pigs fed diets containing LLH than for pigs fed EC or C. Fecal DE and ME as a percentage of GE were greater (P less than .05) in diets containing EC than in those containing C. In summary, extrusion improved (P less than .05) energy utilization but did not affect the utilization of lysine or N in corn by pigs. However, lysine and N utilization were greater (P less than .05) in diets supplemented with LLH compared with EC or C.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of extrusion on the ileal and fecal digestibilities of lysine in yellow corn in diets for young pigs.

Herkelman

Rodhouse

Veum

et al. 1990

Journal of Animal Science

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“…The diets in our experiment were designed on a total lysine basis. Flowever, there is a marked difference between the reported digestibilities of synthetic lysine (Leibholz et al 1986) and the lysine in peas (Buraczewska et al 1989) and rapeseed meal (Sauer and Thacker 1986), which resulted in different amounts of digestible lysine in the experimental diets. Our performance results indicate that the difference in the utilization of synthetic and protein-bound amino acids is much smaller than expected, as also confirmed in the recent studies of Jorgensen and Fernandez (1988), Susenbeth et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Reducing crude protein content with supplementation of synthetic lysine and threonine in barley - rapeseed meal - pea diets for growing pigs

Valaja¹,

Alaviuhkola²,

Suomi³

1993

AFSci

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This study was conducted to determine the possibility to use synthetic amino acids to lower the nitrogen output from pig production. A performance experiment was carried out with 120triplet-fed growing pigs whose dietary crude protein was reduced from 179 g/feed unit (FU= 0.7 kg starch equivalent) to 160, 140 and 122 g/FU, respectively. The diets were supplemented with synthetic lysine and threonine to keep the level of these amino acids constant. Dietary protein reduction did not affect the growth performance or feed conversion ratio of the pigs, but it did linearly increase the portion of fat to lean in the carcass. Significant linear effect was found in back fat (p

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“…As other dietary AAs, the small intestinal absorption of free lysine is generally more rapid than the absorption of protein-bound lysine, and the rates of absorption of protein-bound AAs have been shown to vary and may be affected by the source of protein, its degree of processing, as well as the energy component of the diet (Leibholz et al 1986 ). In pigs, the absorption of free lysine is complete by the end of ileum, and the concentration of plasma lysine reaches its peak 1 to 2 hours after feeding (Leibholz et al 1986 ). From a human study (Uhe et al 1992 ) it was found that it took 5 to 7 hours for dietary lysine to be transported into muscle tissue after ingestion.…”

Section: Metabolic Functions Of Lysinementioning

confidence: 99%

Lysine nutrition in swine and the related monogastric animals: muscle protein biosynthesis and beyond

2015

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Improving feed efficiency of pigs with dietary application of amino acids (AAs) is becoming increasingly important because this practice can not only secure the plasma AA supply for muscle growth but also protect the environment from nitrogen discharge with feces and urine. Lysine, the first limiting AA in typical swine diets, is a substrate for generating body proteins, peptides, and non-peptide molecules, while excess lysine is catabolized as an energy source. From a regulatory standpoint, lysine is at the top level in controlling AA metabolism, and lysine can also affect the metabolism of other nutrients. The effect of lysine on hormone production and activities is reflected by the change of plasma concentrations of insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1. Lysine residues in peptides are important sites for protein post-translational modification involved in epigenetic regulation of gene expression. An inborn error of a cationic AA transporter in humans can lead to a lysinuric protein intolerance condition. Dietary deficiency of lysine will impair animal immunity and elevate animal susceptibility to infectious diseases. Because lysine deficiency has negative impact on animal health and growth performance and it appears that dietary lysine is non-toxic even at a high dose of supplementation, nutritional emphasis should be put on lysine supplementation to avoid its deficiency rather than toxicity. Improvement of muscle growth of monogastric animals such as pigs via dietary lysine supply may be due to a greater increase in protein synthesis rather than a decrease in protein degradation. Nevertheless, the underlying metabolic and molecular mechanisms regarding lysine effect on muscle protein accretion merits further clarification. Future research undertaken to fully elucidate the metabolic and regulatory mechanisms of lysine nutrition could provide a sound scientific foundation necessary for developing novel nutritional strategies to enhance the muscle growth and development of meat animals.

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The absorption of dietary L-lysine and extruded L-lysine in pigs

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of extrusion on the ileal and fecal digestibilities of lysine in yellow corn in diets for young pigs.

Effect of extrusion on the ileal and fecal digestibilities of lysine in yellow corn in diets for young pigs.

Reducing crude protein content with supplementation of synthetic lysine and threonine in barley - rapeseed meal - pea diets for growing pigs

Lysine nutrition in swine and the related monogastric animals: muscle protein biosynthesis and beyond

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