The Acoustic Characteristics of /hVd/ Vowels in the Speech of some Australian Teenagers

Cox, Felicity

doi:10.1080/07268600600885494

Cited by 76 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Four exemplars of each syllable were selected as stimuli and for each token, syllable duration, F 0 at vowel midpoint, and the frequencies of the first three formants at vowel midpoint were measured. Syllable duration and F 0 were comparable amongst the tokens, and the formant frequency values were comparable to those reported for Australian English vowels (Butcher, 2006;Cox, 2006). The vowels were well differentiated in terms of F1 and F2, but the frequency of F3 was similar for both vowels at approximately 2900 Hz.…”

Section: Speech Stimulisupporting

confidence: 62%

Modified spectral tilt affects infants' native-language discrimination of approximants and vowels

Beach

Noble

Kitamura

2015

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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This study's aim was to determine if 6- and 9-month-old infants discriminate approximants and vowels when the spectral shape is modified to emphasize high- or low-frequency information. Infants were presented with /r/-/l/ and /ɔ/-/ɐ/ in three conditions: (a) unmodified; (b) −6 dB/octave tilt; and (c) +6 dB/octave tilt. Six-month-olds discriminated /ɔ/-/ɐ/ in conditions (a) and (b), and /r/-/l/ in conditions (a) and (c), but 9-month-olds only discriminated when unmodified. The results reflect native-language attunement. Six-month-olds discriminate spectrally modified sounds that emphasize relevant cues, but by 9 months, infants are sensitive to the native spectral profiles of speech.

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Section: Speech Stimulisupporting

confidence: 62%

Modified spectral tilt affects infants' native-language discrimination of approximants and vowels

Beach

Noble

Kitamura

2015

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…According to Cox (2012), the central open vowels /AE+/ and /AE/ (as in "pass" 1 and "pus") have minimal spectral differences in the F1/F2 plane. In Cox's (2006) vowel study of 120 adolescent speakers of AusE (60 males and 60 females), the mean F1 and F2 values of /AE+/ for male speakers were 757 and 1349 Hz and for /AE/ were 743 and 1386 Hz, respectively. The female speakers had mean F1 and F2 values for /AE+/ of 955 and 1525 Hz and for /AE/ of 941 and 1553 Hz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-year-olds' production of Australian English phonemic vowel length as a function of prosodic context

Yuen

Cox

Demuth

2014

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Durational contrasts are used not only to signal phrasal boundaries and focused constituents, but also to make phonemic distinctions. Boundary and focus effects can therefore interact with phonemic length contrasts, presenting a challenge for learners. Boundary effects are most clearly seen in the syllable rhyme, where the nucleus and coda are longer in utterance-final compared to utterance-medial position, the magnitude of lengthening diminishing leftward from the end of the word. In the case of focus, where the nucleus and coda are also lengthened, the magnitude of lengthening diminishes rightwards toward the end of the word. The goal of this paper was therefore to compare productions of the phonemic vowel length contrast /AE+/ vs /AE/ in adults and 3-yr-old children learning Australian English in the face of competing demands from boundary and focus lengthening. The results showed that the children maintain the /AE+/ vs /AE/ contrast across prosodic contexts. They are also able to implement an adult-like pattern of boundary-related lengthening, but are still developing focus-related lengthening. The findings suggest that these 3-yr-olds have good command of the phonemic vowel length contrast, but are still fine-tuning language-specific aspects of temporal organization (i.e., the vowel-coda trading relationship) within the rhyme.

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“…4 A comparison between the symbols sets of Mitchell (1946) and Harrington et al (1997) can be found in Table I. Examination of results from Butcher's (2006) acoustic analysis of 92 speakers from Adelaide and Cox's (2006) 120 speakers from Sydney confirm that the symbol set proposed by Harrington et al (1997) accurately reflects vowel production for a large number of different SAusE speakers. Table I shows that there are substantial differences between the two symbol sets, particularly for the diphthongs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 70%

“…2 Acoustic analyses of several different datasets have empirically confirmed this mismatch by providing objective information about the speech signal (Clark, 1989;Cox, 2006;Harrington et al, 1997). The interpretation of vowel acoustic analyses often relies on the very high correlations between the first two vocal tract resonant frequencies (resulting in formant 1 and formant 2) and the articulatory parameters of vowel height and fronting (Harrington & Cassidy, 1999).…”

Section: The Revised Transcription System For Standard Australian Engmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 2 is an acoustic vowel space showing how monophthongs can be objectively represented in the F1/F2 plane. The plot in Figure 2 is based on data from Cox (2006) and presents the mean values of F1 and F2 from 60 15-year-old females from Sydney for each monophthongal vowel produced in the /hVd/ frame.…”

Section: The Revised Transcription System For Standard Australian Engmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vowel transcription systems: An Australian perspective

Cox

2008

International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology

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Transcription is an essential clinical tool for speech-language pathologists as it provides a permanent written record of communicative behaviour and forms an important source of data for analysis, interpretation, decision making, and dissemination. One of the responsibilities in speech-language pathology is to faithfully capture the speech production characteristics of clinical populations so that informed management decisions may be made. Notation systems that are appropriately suited for this purpose are mandatory. In Australia today, the conventional phonemic transcription system was first described over 60 years ago. However, an alternative to this traditional system has more recently been proposed by Harrington, Cox and Evans (HCE). This paper details the HCE system and argues its advantage as a clinical tool for speechlanguage pathologists in Australia. This new system provides a more accurate phonetically oriented foundation against which atypical vowel production can be assessed. It is further argued that the HCE system can form the basis for narrower phonetic examination and has pedagogical value in the description of Standard Australian English.

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The Acoustic Characteristics of /hVd/ Vowels in the Speech of some Australian Teenagers

Cited by 76 publications

References 40 publications

Modified spectral tilt affects infants' native-language discrimination of approximants and vowels

Modified spectral tilt affects infants' native-language discrimination of approximants and vowels

Three-year-olds' production of Australian English phonemic vowel length as a function of prosodic context

Vowel transcription systems: An Australian perspective

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