The action of chlorine dioxide on aquatic organic materials during the disinfection of drinking water

Effects of chlorine and chlorine dioxide on mutagenic activity of Lake Kinnereth water

“…In contrast with Cl2, which produces primarily chlorinated byproducts, C102 reacts more specifically as an oxidant rather than a chlorinating agent (23). By use of high-performance liquid chromatography and MS analysis, it was recently found that typical organic products found in Lake Kinnereth water after treatment with C102 are mainly ketones and quiñones (52). Similarly, using MS/GC, Stevens (20) detected primarily low molecular weight aldehydes and ketones in Ohio River water disinfected with C102.…”

“…Until recently, the major treatment process was chlorination, but there has now been a partial move to chlorine dioxide. The major reason for this change is the relatively high concentrations of trihalomethanes (THMs), mainly bromoform, detected after chlorination of this water (18). Although C102 does not form THMs (19) and produces very few nonvolatile chlorinated products (18), its advantage from the point of view of health is questionable, since the organic products it produces in water are largely unknown.…”

“…The major reason for this change is the relatively high concentrations of trihalomethanes (THMs), mainly bromoform, detected after chlorination of this water (18). Although C102 does not form THMs (19) and produces very few nonvolatile chlorinated products (18), its advantage from the point of view of health is questionable, since the organic products it produces in water are largely unknown. The only available information about C102 organic byproducts in actual water treatment plants was obtained by Stevens (20), who identified some low molecular weight aldehydes formed in Ohio River water after disinfection with C102.…”

Chlorine Oxides and Chlorine Oxygen Acids

“…Chlorine dioxide is also used in sanitization, e.g., of industrial and municipal waters, sewage, algae, or decomposed vegetables. Waterworks use chlorine dioxide to handle taste and odor problems of household water [68], [122], [123], [128].…”