The action of lubricants under extreme pressure conditions in a modified four-ball tester

Piekoszewski, W.; Szczerek, M.; Tuszyński, W.

doi:10.1016/s0043-1648(01)00555-5

Cited by 83 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Antiseizure properties of these solutions were published earlier in [7]. According to the methodology used, those properties were characterized by scuffing load (P t ), seizure load (P oz ) limiting pressure of seizure (p oz ) [59]. No seizure was observed for a number of solutions and they reached the value of P oz corresponding to the maximum load for the tribotester used (T-02 tester).…”

Section: Motion Resistance and Wear Under Steady Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Concentration on Lubricating Properties of Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Ethoxylated Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

2010

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The objective of this study was to formulate new ecological lubricating substances, primarily water-based, and to verify their tribological and physicochemical properties. Initially, simple binary solutions were investigated. Then, various additives were added depending on application targets. Two alkyl sulfates were selected as additives modifying lubricating properties of water: sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and ethoxylated sodium lauryl sulfate (ESLS). They have an identical hydrophobic part in the form of an alkyl chain consisting of 12 carbon atoms. The SO 4 2-anion forms the hydrophilic part in SLS molecules, whereas an ESLS molecule also contains two mers of ethylene oxide which cause an increase in its hydrophilicity relative to SLS. Both SLS and ESLS exhibit high surface activity measured by their surface tension. Micelles form in aqueous solutions of alkyl sulfates at low concentrations of the order of 1%, whereas the presence of liquid crystalline phases can be found at the concentrations of 40 and 70%. High surface activity and formation of structures in the solutions (micelles, mesophases) formed the basis for application of the compounds as additives modifying lubricating properties. Tribological properties of aqueous solutions of alkyl sulfates were verified with a four-ball machine (T02 tester) at a constant load of 2 kN. The values of friction coefficient (l) were a measure of motion resistance, while the wear scar diameter (d) was a measure of wear. Alkyl sulfates significantly improve tribological properties of water. The coefficient of friction decreased sixfold and the wear scar diameter decreased by as much as twofold relative to the base. Non-monotonic changes in the tribological properties measured were observed as a function of concentration of additives. An attempt was made to relate those atypical changes with the presence of micelles and mesophases in both the surface phase and the bulk phase. In the model proposed the whole concentration range was divided into four areas in which tribological properties correspond well with physicochemical properties, particularly with the structures formed in solutions and at the interface.

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Section: Motion Resistance and Wear Under Steady Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Concentration on Lubricating Properties of Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Ethoxylated Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

2010

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“…Unfortunately, this method makes it impossible to differentiate between gear oils having very good extreme-pressure (EP) properties, from the point of view of the resistance to gear scuffing [10]. This is why various scientific centres have developed their own test methods [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Gear Tests Of Scuffingmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Scuffing Test Methods for the Determination of the Scuffing Resistance of Coated Gears

Michalczewski¹,

Kalbarczyk²,

Michalak³

et al. 2013

Tribology - Fundamentals and Advancements

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“…This measure is determined according to a test method developed in the Tribology Dept. of ITeE-PIB, having been presented in the literature (Piekoszewski et al, 2001), (Szczerek & Tuszynski, 2002), (Burakowski et al, 2004). A unique feature of the test method is related to continuously increasing load until scuffing and then seizure occurs, and analysis of scuffing propagation.…”

Section: Scuffing Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Automotive Gear Oils - Classification, Characteristics, Market Analysis, and Some Aspects of Lubrication

Tuszyński¹,

Michalczewski²,

Piekoszewski³

et al. 2011

New Trends and Developments in Automotive Industry

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The action of lubricants under extreme pressure conditions in a modified four-ball tester

Cited by 83 publications

References 4 publications

The Effect of Concentration on Lubricating Properties of Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Ethoxylated Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

The Effect of Concentration on Lubricating Properties of Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Ethoxylated Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

New Scuffing Test Methods for the Determination of the Scuffing Resistance of Coated Gears

Modern Automotive Gear Oils - Classification, Characteristics, Market Analysis, and Some Aspects of Lubrication

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