The action of various cations on muscle protoplasm

Heilbrunn, L. V.; Wiercinski, Floyd J.

doi:10.1002/jcp.1030290103

Cited by 311 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Calcium was early shown to be the only physiological ion that causes shortening of muscle fibers when injected at low concentrations (11). This is consistent with recent evidence that protoplasmic calcium is largely in bound form (3,9,14).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Calcium Influx in Skeletal Muscle at Rest, During Activity, and During Potassium Contracture

Bianchi

Shanes

1959

The Journal of General Physiology

355

135

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Calcium influx in the sartorius muscle of the frog (~ ~) has been estimated from the rate of entry of Ca 46. In the unstimulated preparation it is about equal to what has been reported for squid giant axons, but that per impulse is at least 30 times greater than in nerve fibers. The enhanced twitch when NO~" replaces Cl-in Ringer's is associated with at least a 50 per cent increase in influx during activity, whereas this anion substitution does not affect the passive influx significantly. Calcium entry during potassium contracture is even more markedly augmented than during electrical stimulation, but only at the beginning of the contracture; thus, when a brief Ca 45 exposure precedes excess K + appUeation, Ca 45 uptake is increased three-to fivefold over the controls not subjected to K +, whereas when Ca 45 and K + are added together, no measurable increase in Ca 4s uptake occurs. These findings are in keeping with the brevity of potassium contracture in "fast (twitch)" fibers such as in sartorins muscle.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Calcium Influx in Skeletal Muscle at Rest, During Activity, and During Potassium Contracture

Bianchi

Shanes

1959

The Journal of General Physiology

355

135

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“…proved effective. These findings cemented prior work by Heilbrunn and Wiercinski (1947) who had used a cruder, pressure injection technique in cut, unrestrained fibre segments. Rolf's pilot study was not followed up or reported in detailpartly because of limited experimental time on the critical interference microscope.…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

Rolf Niedergerke (1921–2011): a life in muscle research

Miller

2012

J Muscle Res Cell Motil

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This obituary provides some detail and background to the life and work of a pioneer of muscle physiology, Rolf Niedergerke, who died in December 2011 aged 90. His name is perhaps most widely known for his role in the discovery of the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction in collaboration with Andrew Huxley (which complemented the independent studies of HE Huxley and Jean Hanson). His other major contributions were to the 'calcium story' of muscle activation, particularly for the heart. In a long career, his intellectual and experimental excellence contributed some keystones of our present understanding of the role of cellular Ca 2? in muscle contraction and cardiac excitation-contraction coupling and of the Ca-Na exchange process.Keywords Obituary Á Calcium-sodium antagonism Á Excitation-contraction coupling Á Cardiac muscle Á Sliding filament mechanism Á Calcium fluxes Á Heart muscle Á Calcium-sodium exchange Á Cardiac action potential Rolf Niedergerke, a pioneer of muscle physiology, died on 27 December 2011 aged 90. He is perhaps most widely known for his role in the discovery of the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction. His other major contributions were to the 'calcium story' of muscle activation, particularly for cardiac muscle. He retained a reserved personality throughout his long scientific life, notably eschewing many opportunities he had to present his work at conferences or through review articles. His scrupulous attendance to the limitations of experimental work resulted in publications that were full of detail and insightful caveats but were often challenging for his readers. He was reluctant to speculate beyond what he felt the data permitted. Despite a long and active career, he published fewer than 50 papers. To present-day workers this will seem a modest total. However, ten of his works have each been cited more than 100 times (at an average of 275 by March 2012). The case can be made that his work was more influential than even this impressive citation rate attests.

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“…Effects of the micro-injection of various substances on the contractile mechanism of Maia muscle fibres Calcium and barium chlorides have been reported previously to cause contraction when introduced into frog muscle fibres by micro-injection or micro-electrophoresis, whereas magnesium, sodium and potassium chlorides have been reported to be without effect (Heilbrunn & Wiercinski, 1947;Niedergerke, 1955). The effects of the micro-injection of solutions of these substances were therefore among the first experiments tried.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%