The activity of vinyl monomers in radical polymerization and the hammett constant

Chernobai, A.V.; Zelichenko, Zh.Kh.

doi:10.1016/0032-3950(69)90205-6

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…where d is number of chains formed by radical-radical termination (¼ 1), [26] f is the initiator efficiency (¼ 0.23), [13,27] k d ¼ 9.6 Â 10 6 s À1 , [26] t is the time in s, and M monomer and M RAFT are the molar masses of the monomer and the RAFT agent respectively). polymerization.…”

Section: Nvc Is An Intermediate Activated Monomer (Iam)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…c) M n (calc) = (([M] 0 –[M] t )/([RAFT] 0 + df([I] 0 (1–e −k d t )))) × M monomer + M RAFT , (where d is number of chains formed by radical‐radical termination (= 1), f is the initiator efficiency (= 0.23), k d = 9.6 × 10 6 s −1 , t is the time in s, and M monomer and M RAFT are the molar masses of the monomer and the RAFT agent respectively). [1b,28]…”

Section: Switchable Raft Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Switchable RAFT Polymerization

Moad

Keddie

Guerrero‐Sánchez

et al. 2015

Macromolecular Symposia

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Summary: This paper reviews recent developments in RAFT Polymerization with proton switchable RAFT agents. We report on the successful use of N-methyl-N-(4-pyridinyl) dithiocarbamates RAFT agents for controlling the polymerization of N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAm) in aqueous media, the dependence of the RAFT agent activity on acid type and acid strength (for best results a stoichiometric amount of a strong acid should be used), and the synthesis of block copolymers such as poly(DMAm)-block-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone). We describe a new class of switchable RAFT agents, the N-aryl-N-(4-pyridinyl) dithiocarbamates. These RAFT agents are more active with more activated monomers (MAMs) in protonated (switched) form and more active with less activated monomers (LAMS) in non-protonated (unswitched) form. Finally we examine the dependence of RAFT polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole (NVC) on the type of RAFT agent used (dithiobenzoate, trithiocarbonate, xanthate, switchable dithiocarbamate). Contrary to popular belief, NVC does not behave as a typical LAM, its polymerization is best controlled with a trithiocarbonate RAFT agent, and NVC should be described as an intermediate activity monomer (IAM).

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Section: Nvc Is An Intermediate Activated Monomer (Iam)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Switchable Raft Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Switchable RAFT Polymerization

Moad

Keddie

Guerrero‐Sánchez

et al. 2015

Macromolecular Symposia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature, a low efficiency factor f between 0.2 and 0.3 was reported for the polymerisation of other N -vinyl monomers such as NMVA, 52 VP 53 and VCL. 53…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This result may be ascribed to the low efficiency of V-70 in NVF polymerization. In the literature, a low efficiency factor f between 0.2 and 0.3 was reported for the polymerisation of other N-vinyl monomers such as NMVA, 52 VP 53 and VCL. 53 To further attest the effective presence of the xanthate at the chain-end of PNVFs, electrospray ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS) analysis was conducted on a low molar mass PNVF 5k -CTA1 (M n,SEC = 4700 g mol −1 and Đ = 1.21, Table S1 † entry 9).…”

Section: Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

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