The Acute Angle Closure Crisis in Senegalese Melanodermas: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of 24 Cases

Abstract

Introduction Acute angle closure crisis (AACC) is a major ophthalmic emergency. It is a sight-threatening pathology that is very common in women but rarely described in melanodermas. The aim of this work is to investigate the epidemiological and clinical aspects of acute angle closure crisis. Results We collected 24 patient records, totaling 25 eyes. The average age of our patients was 52.04 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 0.6. A family history of glaucoma occurred in 34% of patients. Patients consulted for a painful red eye associated or not with decreased visual acuity (DVA). The condition was bilateral in one patient. The average visual acuity wax 0.34/10 e . The cornea was cloudy and the pupil in areflexic mydriasis in all sick eyes. Hypothalamia was present in 72% of eyes and cataracts in 54.16% of cases. The average intraocular press was 44.38 mmHg and the average cup/disc (C/D) was 0.46. Gonioscopy was performed in 7 patients. The fellow eye did not present any abnormalities in 92% of cases. Conclusion The acute angle closure crisis is a rare condition in melanodermas and common in woman. His diagnostic is essentially clinical and completed by gonioscopy which plays a fundamental role.