The Acute Hepatotoxic Effect of Halofantrine on Healthy and Uninfected Adult Wistar Rats

Osonuga, IO; Osonuga, OA; Onadeko, AA; Osonuga, A

doi:10.3923/ijp.2012.209.211

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The observed significant decrease in sperm count in the HAART-only group when compared with the control strongly suggests that HAART affects sperm count. Our observation is similar to the findings by Savasi et al (2019), Akang et al (2022), Alugbe et al (2021), Bakare et al (2020), Osonuga et al (2010) and Oyeyipo et al (2018)). The decrease in sperm count could have been due to direct testicular toxicity from oxidative stress (Oyeyipo et al 2021), sperm DNA fragmentation (Savasi et al, 2018;Osonuga et al, 2010;Bakare et al, 2020) or HAART-induced sperm mitochondrial DNA fragmentation and deletion (White et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…These effects could be a primary effect of a particular drug component or a synergistic effect of two or more drugs in the cocktail. Administration of HAART has been associated with gonadotoxicity in male rats (Osonuga et al, 2010;Bakere et al, 2020) as well as impaired sperm motility (Oyeyipo et al, 2018;Akhigbe et al, 2021;Akang, et al, 2022;Savasi et al, 2019). Other effects on the reproductive system induced by HAART include reduced serum testosterone, reduced semen volume and impaired sperm count, viability and morphology (Akhigbe et al, 2021, Kushnir andLewis, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selenium and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Ameliorate Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART)-induced Reproductive Impairment in Male Wistar Rats

Aribo

2023

NJPS

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Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) is currently the main stay in the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) disease. This treatment regimen typically combines three or more antiretroviral drugs and like most drug combinations or polypharmacy, has side effects including those on reproductive function which could place HIV patients on HAART under double risk in terms of reproductive function. Part of tissue damage following HAART administration is blamed on oxidative stress. We therefore sought to explore effects of Omega 3 and Selenium, two common antioxidants on HAART-induced male reproductive impairment in a non-HIV animal model. Sixteen male adult Wistar rats weighing 120g to 250g used for the study were grouped into 4 groups of four rats each (control, HAART-only, HAART + Omega 3 and HAART + Selenium groups). Duration of daily administration was six weeks. Results showed no significant changes in pH of epidydimal semen among the groups. Sperm count and viability were significantly reduced in HAART-only compared with control (p<0.05) but increased in HAART + Omega 3 and HAART + Selenium groups compared with HAART-only group (p< 0.05). Sperm motility was significantly reduced in HAART-only compared with control group (p< 0.05). A significantly higher percentage of total sperm defects was observed in HAART-only group compared with control (p <0.05) but significantly lower in the HAART + Selenium compared with HAART-only groups (p<0.05). Serum testosterone was significantly reduced in HAART-only compared with control groups (p<0.05) but significantly increased in HAART + Omega 3 and HAART + Selenium groups compared with HAART- only group (p<0.05). Serum concentration of luteinizing and follicle stimulating hormones were not significantly different among the groups. Testicular concentration of malondialdehyde was significantly increased in HAART-only compared with control (p<0.05) but significantly reduced in HAART + Omega 3 and HAART + Selenium groups compared with HAART-only group (p<0.05 in each). Testicular glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly reduced in HAART-only and HAART + Selenium groups compared with control (p< 0.05), but significantly higher in HAART + Omega 3 and HAART + Selenium compared with HAART-only groups (p<0.05 each). Testicular superoxide dismutase activity was significantly lower in the HAART-only and HAART + Selenium compared with control (p<0.05) but significantly higher in HAART + Omega 3 and HAART + Selenium compared with HAART-only groups (p<0.05 each). Level of tumour necrosis factor – alpha in testes was significantly higher in HAART-only (p<0.05) but lower in the HAART + Selenium (p<0.05) groups compared with control. Tumor necrosis factor–alpha was however significantly reduced in HAART + Omega 3 and HAART + Selenium groups compared with HAART-only (p<0.05 each) groups. Interleukin-6 levels were significantly increased in all HAART-administered groups compared with control (p<0.05 each) though significantly reduced in HAART + Omega 3 and HAART + Selenium compared with HAART-only groups (p<0.05 each). In conclusion, co-administration of Omega 3 or Selenium with HAART ameliorates HAART-induced male reproductive impairment, alteration in redox and inflammatory status in rats. Keywords: HAART, male reproductive impairment, Omega 3, Selenium

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Ameliorate Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART)-induced Reproductive Impairment in Male Wistar Rats

Aribo

2023

NJPS

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“…The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a cytopathic retrovirus and is the main cause of immunodeficiency leading to several of symptoms, opportunistic infections and malignancies [1]. HIV is a global health problem with over 40 million people affected and a major cause of reduced life expectancy, morbidity and mortality worldwide [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, Prothrombin Time, Thrombin Time and Platelet Count Study in HIV Seropositive Subjects at Nnamdi Azikiwe Teaching Hospital Nnewi

Mo¹,

N²,

C³

et al. 2016

Transl Biomed

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This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of HIV infection on hemostatic parameters, determination of the influence and duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on these parameters. It was carried out at the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi. One hundred and eighty two subjects were recruited consisting; Sixty one (31 males and 30 females) HIV positive subjects on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with an ART duration of 6 months -2 years ≤5 years, ≤10 years; Sixty one (28 males and 33 females) HIV positive subjects ART naïve and Sixty (30 males and 30 females) seronegative (HIV negative control) subjects. The prothrombin time (PT) was determined using Quick One Stage method, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was determined by Modified Kaolin method, thrombin time (TT) was done by Two stage method, HIV status was determined using Immunochromatographic method and Platelet count was determined using Direct current detection method. Student t-Test and ANOVA were used to analyze significance of differences in mean values between groups and among groups, respectively. PT and APTT for ART and Non-ART subjects were significantly increased compared with control (P<0.05 in each case). However, the PT and APTT compared between gender and also among duration of ART showed no significant difference (P>0.05 in each case). The TT was significantly higher in HIV-positive on ART compared to control (P<0.05). The gender and duration of ART did not show significant difference in the TT of the subjects (P>0.05 in each case). Platelet count was significantly lower in HIV-positive subjects (ART and Non-ART) compared to the values obtained in HIV negative subjects (P<0.05 in each case). However, the platelet count when compared between gender and also among duration of ART showed no significant difference (P>0.05 in each case). The reason for the increase in PT and APTT in HIV disease may be as a result of endothelial activation and liver derangement and decreased platelet count is due to cytopenias seen in HIV disease.

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“…Alkaline phosphate was assayed by the phenolphthalein method as previously described [17,18]. Aspartate amino transferase was measured by monitoring the concentration of oxaloacetate hydrazine formed with 2,4 dinitrophenyl hydrazine according to the method of Obianime and Aprioku [19] and Reitman and Frankel [20] Alaline amino transferase was measured as described by Osonuga, et al [21].…”

Section: Hepatotoxicity Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes Associated with Treatment of Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice with Momordica charantia, Xylopia aethiopica and Entandrophragma angolense Leaf Extract

Kareem

Owolabi

Alabi

et al. 2021

EJMP

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Aim: Leaves of plants have been useful in the treatment of various diseases and infections. The study aims at determining the nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and hematological effect of Momordica charantia, Xylopia aethiopica, and Entandrophragma angolense on the Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Study Design: The plants’ leaves were air-dried and extracted. Forty-two Swiss male mice, 18 to 25 g, were grouped into six of seven mice each. Group I was uninfected but were administered with normal saline for four days, Group II to VI were all infected with P. berghei and administered with normal saline, 300 mg/b.w. of M. charantia leaf extract, 300 mg/b.w. of E. angolense leaf extract, 300 mg/b.w. of X. aethiopica leaf extract and 40 mg/b.w. of chloroquine injection for four days, respectively. Results: The treatment groups showed a lower level of toxicity when compared with chloroquine treatment. X. aethiopica has the greatest positive impact on the PCV level of the experimental animals of its treated group compared with other groups. Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the antimalarial potential of X. aethiopica and thus can be used to treat malaria without anemia as a side effect.

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The Acute Hepatotoxic Effect of Halofantrine on Healthy and Uninfected Adult Wistar Rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Selenium and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Ameliorate Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART)-induced Reproductive Impairment in Male Wistar Rats

Selenium and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Ameliorate Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART)-induced Reproductive Impairment in Male Wistar Rats

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, Prothrombin Time, Thrombin Time and Platelet Count Study in HIV Seropositive Subjects at Nnamdi Azikiwe Teaching Hospital Nnewi

Changes Associated with Treatment of Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice with Momordica charantia, Xylopia aethiopica and Entandrophragma angolense Leaf Extract

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