The adaptability, distribution, ecological function and restoration application of biological soil crusts on metal tailings: A critical review

Liao, Kejun; Chen, Chaoqi; Ye, Wenyan; Zhu, Jing; Li, Yan; She, Sijia; Wang, Panpan; Tao, Yue; Lv, Ang; Wang, Xinyue; Chen, Lanzhou

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172169

Science of The Total Environment

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172169

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The adaptability, distribution, ecological function and restoration application of biological soil crusts on metal tailings: A critical review

Kejun Liao,

Chaoqi Chen,

Wenyan Ye

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 3 publications

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Impacts of cyanobacteria-dominated biological soil crusts on seedling emergence and fate: an in situ experiment

Zaplata,

Schümberg,

Kidron

et al. 2024

Plant Soil

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Background and aims Biological soil crusts (BSCs) co-occur with vascular plants in many ecosystems. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the interaction among BSCs and vascular plants, and no standard methods exist aiming to evaluate BSC–plant interactions. While some reports emphasized the inhibition effect of BSCs on germination, others reported the opposite or did not find any differences between germination under crusted and non-crusted conditions. Contradictory findings were also reported regarding the BSC effects on vascular plants after germination, with some reports claiming that BSCs promote growth, while others claim the opposite. Methods By a seed addition experiment (using light and heavy seeds of three species belonging to the Fabaceae family) in an early-successional system in Germany, we tested in situ the emergence of seedlings under variable surface conditions (cyanobacterial crust, disturbed and removed crust), and quantified crust-plant interactions (survival, flowering) during and following seedling emergence. Results In comparison to an average of 8% of the light Lotus corniculatus and 20% of the light Ornithopus sativus that emerged through the cyanobacterial BSC, 76% of the heavy Glycine max emerged. Once emerged, the crust did not significantly affect the survival, growth, biomass, or flowering of G. max, whereas many of the seedlings from lightweight seeds dried up soon after emergence. The thickness of the cyanobacterial biocrust had no influence on Fabaceae emergence. Conclusion The cyanobacterial BSC acted as a filter that hindered the emergence of the lightweight seeds.

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Impacts of cyanobacteria-dominated biological soil crusts on seedling emergence and fate: an in situ experiment

Zaplata,

Schümberg,

Kidron

et al. 2024

Plant Soil

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A promising application of biodegradable glue to improve the efficiency of biocrust inoculation on mining tailings in Brazil

Oliveira,

Santos,

Oliveira

et al. 2024

Restoration Ecology

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The Fundão dam failure in Brazil stands as one of the most significant environmental disasters in global mining, causing extensive harm to soils and native vegetation. Despite ongoing restoration efforts, the potential of photosynthetic cryptogamic pioneer organisms, such as biocrusts, remains largely untapped. This study explores the inoculation of moss‐dominated biocrusts in mining tailings using a novel biodegradable glue technique. We began by assessing the diversity of mosses naturally occurring in these tailings, identifying six species. Among them, Hyophila involuta (Hook.) A. Jaeger emerged as the most suitable species for inoculation experiments. We compared the inoculation of biocrusts within the biodegradable glue bed to direct soil inoculation. Our findings revealed that 94.5% of the inoculated biocrusts adhered to the glue bed after 75 days, demonstrating the technique's global potential in overcoming challenges associated with moss inoculation. We emphasize the need for further research into the long‐term effects of biodegradable glue‐bed application on biocrust sustainability across different ecosystems, while also implementing habitat improvements to mitigate other environmental stress.

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Underlying Causes of Long-Term Environmental Pollution by Waste from an Abandoned Metal Mining District: When Legislative and Remediation Measures Are Ineffective

García,

Rosique

2024

Environments

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Since ancient times, mining activities have been recognised as having a strong environmental impact. Due to the extraordinary amount of waste and impacts on the landscape, environmental concerns caused by mining can be found worldwide. The risks associated with mining waste are of great concern, especially when these residues come from metal mining and its associated potentially toxic elements that can be released into the environment. The reality of many of these metal mining areas is that, despite the extensive regulatory frameworks and remediation techniques applied, they continue to have high levels of contamination, posing a source of environmental and public health risk to their surroundings. The issues underlying this situation are details that can only be detected by experience in the management and thorough knowledge of the dynamics of these tailings in the long term. And in many cases, the key is in the details. For this purpose, the case of the former metal mining district of Cartagena-La Unión (SE Spain), one of the most affected areas in the European continent by these metal mining wastes, has been analyzed. In conclusion, it has been shown that the legal status of these waste and mining operations and the lack of control and effectiveness of rehabilitation activities are behind the worrying environmental situation of these areas. The interaction between the legal framework and the environmental and technical knowledge of these tailings and mining areas reveals practical issues beyond the scope of general analysis. This case study, conducted in the main Spanish metal mining area, concerns waste volume, and its findings offer the potential to improve the safety and environmental quality of metal mining regions elsewhere.

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The adaptability, distribution, ecological function and restoration application of biological soil crusts on metal tailings: A critical review

Cited by 3 publications

References 111 publications

Impacts of cyanobacteria-dominated biological soil crusts on seedling emergence and fate: an in situ experiment

Impacts of cyanobacteria-dominated biological soil crusts on seedling emergence and fate: an in situ experiment

A promising application of biodegradable glue to improve the efficiency of biocrust inoculation on mining tailings in Brazil

Underlying Causes of Long-Term Environmental Pollution by Waste from an Abandoned Metal Mining District: When Legislative and Remediation Measures Are Ineffective

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