The Added Value of Combined Timed Up and Go Test, Walking Speed, and Grip Strength on Predicting Recurrent Falls in Chinese Community-dwelling Elderly

Wang, Lu; Song, Peiyu; Cheng, Cheng; Han, Peipei; Fu, Liyuan; Chen, Xiaoyu; Yu, Xinguang; Hou, Lin; Zhang, Yuanyuan; Guo, Qi

doi:10.2147/cia.s325930

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…Population aging has led to the advent of a tremendous challenge: falls are not only the leading cause of injury and death among the elderly, but also pose a serious global health issue. Many previous studies have analyzed the predictive value of various function tests in falls ( 13 , 17 , 18 , 21 ), but the results obtained in different studies were not consistent. The current study was conducted to compare the value of five physical and cognitive function tests in predicting falls based on a nationally representative survey.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The FTSST was also significantly associated with falls ( 19 ), and another study demonstrated that lower limb power assessed based on the FTSST is more predictive of falls than strength in older adults ( 20 ). Additionally, timed up and go test (TUGT) has been shown to have a higher predictive value of both falls and repeated falls compared with walking speed and grip strength ( 21 ). However, there are still few studies that have compared the value of both physical and cognitive function tests in predicting falls based on the same large sample and stable research methods ( 22 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Value of Cognitive and Physical Function Tests in Predicting Falls in Older Adults: A Prospective Study

Zhou

Li²,

Chen³

2022

Front. Med.

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IntroductionPrevious studies suggested that physical and cognitive function can be indicators to assess the risk of falls in the elderly. Various tests are widely used in geriatric clinical studies as assessment tools of physical and cognitive function. However, large sample studies comparing the fall predictive value of these tests are still sparse. This study was conducted to investigate the value of cognitive and physical function tests in predicting the risk of subsequent falls in the elderly, with the overarching goal of providing more evidence on fall-risk assessment.MethodsThe current study was based on the data of respondents aged 60 and above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Data from the 2015 CHARLS national survey were used as the baseline data, and the fall data in 2018 were used as the follow-up data. Physical function tests included balance, walking speed, the five times sit-to-stand test (FTSST), and grip strength. The value of cognitive and physical function tests in predicting falls was evaluated by logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsThe incidence of falls among the 4,857 subjects included in this study was 20.86%. Results showed that cognition (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70–0.98), the FTSST (OR = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.66–7.46), and grip strength (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.03) were independent predictors of falls in the full sample after adjusting for various confounders. Notably, the above tests showed better predictive value for falls for the oldest-old (≥ 80 years) subjects.ConclusionOverall, results showed that grip strength, the FTSST, and cognition tests are simple and practicable tools for identifying individuals at higher risk of falls in the community. Moreover, the fall predictive performance of physical and cognitive function tests was age-dependent, with a higher predictive value in older adults aged 80 and above.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Value of Cognitive and Physical Function Tests in Predicting Falls in Older Adults: A Prospective Study

Zhou

Li²,

Chen³

2022

Front. Med.

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“…Participants were asked to exert maximum effort twice using their dominant hand, and the average values of the 2 attempts were used for analysis ( 23 ). Walking speed was measured over a 4-m distance at the participants’ usual pace ( 24 ). Photocells were used to calculate the time between the activation of the first and second photocells, and the average time from 2 trials was used for analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Advanced Glycation End Products and Sarcopenia: The Mediating Role of Osteoporosis

Zhang,

Chen,

et al. 2023

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

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Context Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a group of molecules formed through nonenzymatic reactions. These compounds are associated with several age-related diseases, including sarcopenia and osteoporosis. Objective This work aimed to investigate the relationships between AGEs, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. Methods This cross-sectional study included 1991 older adults aged 72.37 ± 5.90 years from China. AGE levels were measured by the AGE Reader device. Bone mineral density was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and osteoporosis was diagnosed based on a T score of less than −2.5. Sarcopenia was defined as loss of muscle mass plus loss of muscle strength and/or reduced physical performance. Presarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass with normal muscle strength and normal physical performance. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia was 18.5%, and that of osteoporosis was 40.5%. Compared to the lowest AGE quartile, the highest AGE quartile showed a significant association with sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR] 2.42; 95% CI, 1.60-3.66) (P for trend <.001), but not with presarcopenia. Per-SD increase in AGE was associated with higher odds of sarcopenia (OR 1.44; 95% CI, 1.26-1.66). Additionally, in the mediation analysis, when AGEs were treated as a continuous variable (the mediation effect is denoted by Za*Zb = 18.81; 95% CI, 8.07-32.32]—the 95% CI does not contain zero, representing a significant mediating effect) or a categorical variable (the mediating effect is expressed as Zmediation = 3.01 > 1.96, which represents a significant mediating effect), osteoporosis played a partial mediating role in the association between AGEs and sarcopenia. Conclusion Elevated AGEs are associated with sarcopenia but not with presarcopenia. This association was partially mediated by osteoporosis.

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“…They evaluate falls in combination with performance in a speci c exercise at the time, and studies have shown that the evaluation is related to a history of past falls, but the predictive power of those tools for future falls remains limited 8 9 . Many scholars have used foreign scales and applied them in China [10][11][12] . In recent years, many in-hospital fall risk assessment scales have been developed and implemented in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach for fall risk assessment in hospitalized older adults based on gait data

Xie

Liu

Huang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background:Falling in older adults is one of the most common and serious problems leading to disability. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the risk of falls in older adults and take preventive measures in advance. The traditional risk assessment depends on the scale, which may be affected by the subjective factors of patients. However, in recent years, instruments have been developed to collect objective data related to gait in older adults.The aim of this study was to use objective gait data to predict fall risk in older adults. Methods:In this study, a total of 207 hospitalized older adults were recruited, and the Morse Fall Scale (MFS) and six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) gait kinematic parameters of the lower limb joints were collected using a marker-based instrument. Based on the gait data, two important tasks in fall risk assessment were conducted, analysis of abnormal gait patterns and risk level classification. There were three fall risk levels corresponding to the scale, and an end-to-end attention-based convolution model was proposed to analyze gait kinematic data. Results: The model achieved an accuracy score of 0.878 and a recall score of 0.897 on the test set. In addition, we applied an attention-based heatmap to visualize the input data and features across the model. The color bars in the heatmap highly correlate with the level of fall risk and can serve as an indicator of the abnormal gait pattern. Conclusions: An end-to-end attention-based convolution model achieved a favorable result.Besides, the heatmap could serve as the indicator of risk level for each step and also provide further clues to the mechanism of falling. It has the potential to assist doctors in clinical work and contribute to further knowledge discovery.

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The Added Value of Combined Timed Up and Go Test, Walking Speed, and Grip Strength on Predicting Recurrent Falls in Chinese Community-dwelling Elderly

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

The Value of Cognitive and Physical Function Tests in Predicting Falls in Older Adults: A Prospective Study

The Value of Cognitive and Physical Function Tests in Predicting Falls in Older Adults: A Prospective Study

Association Between Advanced Glycation End Products and Sarcopenia: The Mediating Role of Osteoporosis

A new approach for fall risk assessment in hospitalized older adults based on gait data

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