The added value of LED assimilation light in combination with high pressure sodium lamps in protected tomato crops in Belgium

Moerkens, Rob; Vanlommel, Wendy; Vanderbruggen, R.; Delm, T. Van

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2016.1134.16

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…(3) The importance of plant and microbiome interactions, rarely taken into account, need more careful investigation, as light can affect both plant physiology and surrounding microbiome density and composition (including pathogenic species) differently (Alsanius et al, 2019). Thus, while the use of LED in the food industry is promising, it is still at an experimental stage, and studies must be conducted on a case-by-case basis, as the physiological processes involved in the responses to light are incompletely understood (Delabbio, 2015) "For practice, more research is needed to optimize plant distances, light strategies and light intensities to make the technology more profitable and sustainable" (Nair and Dhoble, 2015;Moerkens et al, 2016).…”

Section: Cultivation Of Microorganisms and Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, while the use of LED in the food industry is promising, it is still at an experimental stage, and studies must be conducted on a case-by-case basis, as the physiological processes involved in the responses to light are incompletely understood ( Delabbio, 2015 ) “ For practice, more research is needed to optimize plant distances, light strategies and light intensities to make the technology more profitable and sustainable ” ( Nair and Dhoble, 2015 ; Moerkens et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Impact Of Alan and Leds On Living Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure to Artificial Light at Night and the Consequences for Flora, Fauna, and Ecosystems

et al. 2020

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The present review draws together wide-ranging studies performed over the last decades that catalogue the effects of artificial-light-at-night (ALAN) upon living species and their environment. We provide an overview of the tremendous variety of light-detection strategies which have evolved in living organisms - unicellular, plants and animals, covering chloroplasts (plants), and the plethora of ocular and extra-ocular organs (animals). We describe the visual pigments which permit photo-detection, paying attention to their spectral characteristics, which extend from the ultraviolet into infrared. We discuss how organisms use light information in a way crucial for their development, growth and survival: phototropism, phototaxis, photoperiodism, and synchronization of circadian clocks. These aspects are treated in depth, as their perturbation underlies much of the disruptive effects of ALAN. The review goes into detail on circadian networks in living organisms, since these fundamental features are of critical importance in regulating the interface between environment and body. Especially, hormonal synthesis and secretion are often under circadian and circannual control, hence perturbation of the clock will lead to hormonal imbalance. The review addresses how the ubiquitous introduction of light-emitting diode technology may exacerbate, or in some cases reduce, the generalized ever-increasing light pollution. Numerous examples are given of how widespread exposure to ALAN is perturbing many aspects of plant and animal behaviour and survival: foraging, orientation, migration, seasonal reproduction, colonization and more. We examine the potential problems at the level of individual species and populations and extend the debate to the consequences for ecosystems. We stress, through a few examples, the synergistic harmful effects resulting from the impacts of ALAN combined with other anthropogenic pressures, which often impact the neuroendocrine loops in vertebrates. The article concludes by debating how these anthropogenic changes could be mitigated by more reasonable use of available technology – for example by restricting illumination to more essential areas and hours, directing lighting to avoid wasteful radiation and selecting spectral emissions, to reduce impact on circadian clocks. We end by discussing how society should take into account the potentially major consequences that ALAN has on the natural world and the repercussions for ongoing human health and welfare.

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Section: Cultivation Of Microorganisms and Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impact Of Alan and Leds On Living Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Artificial Light at Night and the Consequences for Flora, Fauna, and Ecosystems

et al. 2020

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“…As a result, fewer acaricides are used in greenhouse crops, which could have created more optimal conditions for TRM; (b) fewer active ingredients are available on the market and broad spectrum pesticides are increasingly avoided to meet IPM standards(Van Leeuwen et al, 2010), again creating more optimal conditions for TRM. (c) The area of artificially lighted crops has increased exponentially during recent years(Moerkens, Vanlommel, Vanderbruggen, & Van Delm, 2016). Artificial lighting has led to situations were both lit and non-lit crops are present in the same tomato growing companies to ensure year round production.This overlap in growing seasons at the same location results in early dispersal of pests between greenhouse compartments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Binomial sampling plan for tomato russet mite (Aculopslycopersici (Tryon) (Acari: Eriophyidae) in protected tomato crops

Moerkens

Vanlommel

Reybroeck³

et al. 2018

J Applied Entomology

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The tomato russet mite (TRM), Aculops lycopersici, is a worldwide pest of cultivated tomatoes. Currently, no effective biological control agents are available on the market. Therefore, chemical spray applications are required. Fast and reliable detection, monitoring and evaluation of interventions are a challenge, slowing down the development of an appropriate integrated pest management (IPM) strategy. This study describes a binomial sampling plan with the aim to reduce the efforts and costs for an accurate monitoring of A. lycopersici. Sampling was performed by taking pictures of the upper leaf surface with a smartphone through an attached magnification lens. A binomial sampling plan was developed based on the linear relationship between ln(mean TRM densities) and ln(−ln(1‐PT), where PT is the proportion of samples with more than T (tally threshold) mites. The minimum precision threshold of 0.30 was determined for the different models. A resampling for validation of sample plans (RVSP) programme with a fixed sample number was used for validation of the model on an independent data set. The binomial sampling plans were validated at tally thresholds of T = 9 and T = 15 with fixed sample sizes of 15, 20, 25 and 30. Precision levels were satisfying within a range of PT‐values from 0.29 to 0.97 for T = 15 at a fixed sample size of 20. This range was much smaller for T = 9, where the PT‐values range between 0.40 and 0.92 at the same sample size. A binomial sampling model with T = 9 with a fixed sample size of 15, which has the lowest time investment, is feasible for glasshouse tomato growers in practice. However, for the development of pest management programmes, a more intensive and more accurate binomial sampling plan with T = 15 and a sample size of minimum 20 is suggested.

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“…While Chapter 4 examines the case of a greenhouse replacing its HPS lamps by LEDs of a comparable light intensity and control strategy, what often occurs in practice is that LEDs are used to increase the total lamp intensity and operating hours (Moerkens et al, 2016;Van Baar, 2019). As LEDs continue to increase in efficacy, growers may opt for even higher intensities (K. Lee et al, 2020).…”

Section: Exploring the Potentials Of Leds In Greenhouse: Objectives And Approach Of This Thesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18). This can be done by either replacing HPS lamps by LEDs, or by using a hybrid system of both HPS lamps and LEDs, for instance by installing HPS lamps above the crop (toplights), and LEDs within the crop (interlights) (Dueck et al, 2012;Moerkens et al, 2016). Potentially, these high lamp intensities could be applied in such a way that reduces the energy demand from the heating systems, or even completely eliminates it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy saving by LED lighting in greenhouses : A process-based modelling approach

Katzin¹

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Chapter 2 investigates the discipline of process-based greenhouse modelling. The chapter shows that a considerable number of greenhouse models are being published, and sets out to understand the reasons for the existence of this multitude of models. In Section 2.2, substantial background on the concept of process-based greenhouse modelling is provided, and a general structure of these models is proposed. Subsequently, modelling studies published between 2018 and 2020 are analyzed according to this general structure. The studies are categorized according to their objectives, types of greenhouse they describe, and equipment they consider, and a model inheritance chart is presented, showing how current models are based on earlier works. Moreover, a comparison of modelling validation studies is performed. Based on this analysis, possible reasons for the abundance of greenhouse models are suggested, including a lack of model transparency and code availability, and a belief that model development is in itself a valuable research goal. The chapter ends with several recommendations for the future advancement of the discipline. These include promoting model transparency and availability of source code, and establishing shared datasets and evaluation benchmarks.Chapter 3 presents GreenLight, a process-based model for a greenhouse with a tomato crop, which describes the influence of HPS lamps and LEDs on the climate, crop, and energy use. In this chapter, GreenLight's performance is evaluated by comparing model predictions against data from two greenhouse compartments, one with HPS lamps and one with LEDs. The model is found to have a relative error in predictions of climate and energy use in the range of 1-12%. In order to promote transparency, the model is offered in an open source format at https://github.com/davkat1/GreenLight. In this way, the model is made available for inspection and extension by others.Chapter 4 uses GreenLight to predict the influence of replacing HPS lamps by LEDs in a greenhouse. A wide range of scenarios is considered, including varying climates, from subtropical China to arctic Sweden, and multiple settings for indoor temperature, lamp intensity, lighting duration, and insulation. In all scenarios, LEDs are found to reduce the energy demand for lighting by 40%, but to increase the demand for heating. This results in the total energy saving by transition to LEDs to be in the range of 10-25% for the majority of scenarios considered. An important factor influencing how much energy can be saved by a transition to LEDs is found to be the ratio between the lighting and heating demand of the greenhouse before the transition. Summary xiiiChapter 5 presents a novel concept for greenhouse climate control: heating a greenhouse by light. Considering the observation that all lamps provide heat as well as light, this chapter suggests that illuminating at high light intensities could eliminate the need to heat the greenhouse by the heating system. This approach could potentially be very efficient, as it utili...

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The added value of LED assimilation light in combination with high pressure sodium lamps in protected tomato crops in Belgium

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Exposure to Artificial Light at Night and the Consequences for Flora, Fauna, and Ecosystems

Exposure to Artificial Light at Night and the Consequences for Flora, Fauna, and Ecosystems

Binomial sampling plan for tomato russet mite (Aculopslycopersici (Tryon) (Acari: Eriophyidae) in protected tomato crops

Energy saving by LED lighting in greenhouses : A process-based modelling approach

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