The addition of ketamine to patient controlled morphine analgesia does not improve quality of analgesia after total abdominal hysterectomy

Double‐blind randomized placebo‐controlled trial of the effect of ketamine on postoperative morphine consumption in children following appendicectomy

“…Our findings are consistent with some other studies looking at adults undergoing hysterectomy, which did not find a morphine sparing or analgesic effect of ketamine (1,8,9). Murdoch et al postulate that ketamine is only of benefit in nonvisceral pain, which might account for our findings.…”

Effect of the addition of ketamine to morphine in patient‐controlled analgesia

“…Hercock et al. 's regimen resulted in similar ketamine doses to our study but again his patients did not benefit from lower pain scores or side‐effect profiles [24].…”

“…This mirrors the findings of Owen et al . [23] and Hercock and colleagues [24] whose studies demonstrated that the addition of ketamine did not reduce the total morphine consumption.…”

Ketamine added to morphine or hydromorphone patient-controlled analgesia for acute postoperative pain in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials

“…Supplementary 18,[20][21][22][25][26][27]29,30,32,34,36,40,41,44,45,50 cardiac or thoracic surgery (six trials), 19,23,35,37,38,53 orthopedic surgery (ten trials), 24,28,31,33,39,43,[47][48][49]51 and other surgery (three trials). 42,46,52 General anesthesia was used in 34 trials; one trial used PCA during and after a uterine artery embolization procedure, 29 and one used either general or regional anesthesia.…”

“…Seven trials of 383 patients reported patient satisfaction scores using different instruments (five trials used 10-cm VAS for satisfaction; 22,23,27,46,47 one used a five-point verbal rating scale for satisfaction, 40 and one used a numeric rating scale (NRS) of 0-10 for discomfort. 44 After converting the results to the same direction (higher score indicates more satisfied) and the same scale (10-cm VAS), no significant difference was detected for patient satisfaction scores at 24 hours (six trials; 353 patients; WMD, 0.05; 95% CI, -0.5 to Jensen (2008) Unlugenc (2003) Wang Q a (2007) Nesher (2008) Reeves (2001) Michelet (2007) Zakine ( Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses Meta-regression did not detect a significant dose relationship between ketamine doses and pain scores (P value ranged from 0.44 to 0.92).…”