The addition of whole soy flour to cafeteria diet reduces metabolic risk markers in wistar rats

Abstract

BackgroundSoybean is termed a functional food because it contains bioactive compounds. However, its effects are not well known under unbalanced diet conditions. This work is aimed at evaluating the effect of adding whole soy flour to a cafeteria diet on intestinal histomorphometry, metabolic risk and toxicity markers in rats.MethodsIn this study, 30 male adult Wistar rats were used, distributed among three groups (n = 10): AIN-93 M diet, cafeteria diet (CAF) and cafeteria diet with soy flour (CAFS), for 56 days. The following parameters were measured: food intake; weight gain; serum concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-c, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), aspartate (AST) and alanine (ALT) aminotransferases and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS); humidity and lipid fecal content; weight and fat of the liver. The villous height, the crypt depth and the thickness of the duodenal and ileal circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the animals were also measured.ResultsThere was a significant reduction in the food intake in the CAF group. The CAFS showed lower serum concentrations of triglycerides and serum TBARS and a lower percentage of hepatic fat, with a corresponding increase in thickness of the intestinal muscle layers. In the CAF group, an increase in the HbA1c, ALT, lipid excretion, liver TBARS and crypt depth, was observed associated with lower HDL-c and villous height. The addition of soy did not promote any change in these parameters.ConclusionsThe inclusion of whole soy flour in a high-fat diet may be helpful in reducing some markers of metabolic risk; however, more studies are required to clarify its effects on unbalanced diets.

Chia Seed Shows Good Protein Quality, Hypoglycemic Effect and Improves the Lipid Profile and Liver and Intestinal Morphology of Wistar Rats

“…The same can be explained for increased crypt depth, although cell size, cell turnover and the number of mitoses of intestinal cells had increased [34]. This same effect was observed in studies using soy flour [35] in rats. Thus, chia consumption was able to stimulate the acceleration of intestinal transit, and be beneficial in the prevention of diseases.…”

Pharmacological characterization of mechanisms involved in the vasorelaxation produced by rosuvastatin in aortic rings from rats with a cafeteria‐style diet

“…This diet represents the food intake of people in modern Western societies. The model is characterized by meals prepared in cafeterias . In this sense, the CAF diet is a robust experimental model of metabolic syndrome that is capable of inducing obesity, glucose intolerance, and inflammation in rats .…”

“…The model is characterized by meals prepared in cafeterias. 9,10 In this sense, the CAF diet is a robust experimental model of metabolic syndrome that is capable of inducing obesity, glucose intolerance, and inflammation in rats. 9,11 Consistent with these observations, our results show that an 8-week CAF diet significantly enhanced (P < 0.05) bodyweight, serum insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides in Wistar rats (Table 1).…”

Effect of Dietary Soy Protein Supplement in Dyslipidemic South Indian Population: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, Parallel-Group Trial

“…Adding whole soy flour to a cafeteria diet, to male adult Wistar rats significantly reduced the serum concentrations of TGL [22]. In a mouse model of obesity induced by a high-fat diet, cooked soy bean powder and fermented soy bean product diet significantly reduced the TC and TGL levels.…”