The Addition of Xanthan Gum to Enteral Nutrition Suppresses Postprandial Glycemia in Humans

Abstract

The semi-solidified nutrition supplemented with soluble dietary fiber, xanthan gum (XG), inhibited postprandial glycemia in rats. The purpose of the present study is to examine whether XG exerts the same effects in humans. Subjects fasted for 12 h and then ingested the enteral nutrient, Meibalance with or without XG at 9 AM. Blood glucose levels were measured 0, 20, 40, 60, and 120 min after its ingestion. Postprandial blood glucose levels were lower in the XG group than in the control group. At 20 min, postprandial blood glucose levels were significantly lower in the XG group (84±5.3 mg/dL) than in the control group (107±7.8 mg/dL) (p<0.05). A significant difference was also observed in ΔAUC between the two groups. These results demonstrate that XG exerts inhibitory effects on glucose excursion in humans.

Effect of Intake of Food Hydrocolloids of Bacterial Origin on the Glycemic Response in Humans: Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis

“…Figure 2 summarizes the process of literature search, identification, and screening, based on the PRISMA flow chart. Of these 14 papers, 4 investigated pullulan [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ], 7 investigated xanthan gum [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ] and three investigated dextran [ 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”

“…The study by Tanaka et al [ 31 ] explored the effects of 1% w / v xanthan gum added to 150 mL of a commercial semi-solidified enteral feed versus the same enteral feed without xanthan gum as a control on the blood glucose level. Five healthy participants drank the control feed on a morning study day after a 12 h fast.…”

“…Interestingly the addition of 1% w / v xanthan gum to enteral feeding in an acute setting lowered blood glucose levels [ 31 ]. An additional report studied a low acute dose of xanthan in a drink, but this was given in combination with other materials (guar gum or konjac mannan).…”

Semisolid vs Liquid Nutrients and 30‐Day Readmission in Gastrostomy Tube–Fed Patients: A Propensity‐Matched Analysis

“…This may contribute to the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux 9 . In addition, various semisolidified agents containing dietary fiber such as agarose and pectin are used in clinical settings 32 . Given that EN containing dietary fiber reportedly improves digestive health and normal bowel function, 33 some of the previously reported benefits of semisolid nutrients may be attributable to dietary fiber 7,13 .…”

“…9 In addition, various semisolidified agents containing dietary fiber such as agarose and pectin are used in clinical settings. 32 Given that EN containing dietary fiber reportedly improves digestive health and normal bowel function, 33 some of the previously reported benefits of semisolid nutrients may be attributable to dietary fiber. 7,13 Although the semisolid nutrient preparation used in this study contains alginic acid and agar, there is no information available about the dietary fiber content of the semisolid or liquid nutrient preparations.…”