The Additive Effect of Topical Dorzolamide and Systemic Acetazolamide in Pediatric Glaucoma

Sabri, Kourosh; Levin, Alex V.

doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2006.07.001

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…[3][4][5][6][7] Goniotomy and trabeculotomy were initially considered for congenital glaucoma, with comparable results. [8][9][10][11] Viscotrabeculotomy, using viscoelastic material during trabeculotomy, may increase success rates through prevention of both postoperative haemorrhage and adhesion of the incision lips.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical outcomes after Ahmed valve implantation in refractory paediatric glaucoma

Yang

Park

2008

Eye

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Purpose To evaluate clinical outcomes after Ahmed valve implantation in refractory paediatric glaucoma. Methods A retrospective review was conducted on 34 eyes from 29 patients with refractory glaucoma, who were younger than 18 years of age and who underwent Ahmed valve implantation. The main outcome measures were intraocular pressures (IOPs) and the number of glaucoma medications used. Qualified success was defined as IOP p21 mm Hg regardless of the number of glaucoma medications. Complete success was defined as IOP p21 mm Hg without glaucoma medication.Results Mean age at operation was 5.5 years (range, 0-16). Fifteen eyes (44.1%) had undergone previous glaucoma surgery before Ahmed valve implantation. Mean follow-up time was 29.1 months (range, 3-31). IOP was reduced from a preoperative mean of 37.5 ± 7.3 to 18.4 ± 7.3 mm Hg at 6 months postoperatively (Po0.01). At 12 months after surgery, the success rates were 63.3% (qualified success) and 13.3% (complete success). The cumulative probabilities of qualified success at 6, 12, and 24 months after Ahmed valve implantation were 89.0, 68.6, and 45.7%, respectively. The median time of survival was 19.6 ± 0.9 months. Conclusions Ahmed valve implantation is effective in lowering IOP in refractory paediatric glaucoma, with limited survival after long-term follow-up. Addition of a second Ahmed valve may be effective in the management of failure after primary implantation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical outcomes after Ahmed valve implantation in refractory paediatric glaucoma

Yang

Park

2008

Eye

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“…[81][82][83][84][85] Oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are not indicated for infants due to possible Central nervous system depression, apnea, and hypotension in the neonate/infant Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors Possible teratogenic, metabolic acidosis in the breastfed child it is not known if they are excreted in the milk Dorzolamide is approved by the American Academy of Pediatrics during lactation with punctal occlusion Prostaglandin analogues Uterine contractions and premature labor Parasympathomimetics Cholinergic effects in the newborn metabolic acidosis, urolithiasis, lethargy, paresthesia, and anorexia; topical formulations are less efficient but safer, especially brinzolamide. [86][87][88][89][90] Brimonidine, an adrenergic agonist, must be avoided in neonates, infants, and young children, in consideration of central nervous system toxicity. [91][92][93][94] In PCG, prostaglandin analogus and prostamides are mainly used as adjunctive medication.…”

Section: Medical Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric glaucoma: current perspectives

Marchini¹,

Toscani²,

Chemello³

2014

PHMT

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"Childhood glaucoma" is a heterogeneous group of severe pediatric conditions often associated with significant visual loss and characterized by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and optic-disk cupping. Successful IOP control is crucial but challenging and most often achieved surgically, with medical therapy playing a supportive role. There are many classifications of childhood glaucoma, but they can simply be divided into primary, in which a developmental abnormality of the anterior chamber angle only exists, and secondary, in which aqueous outflow is reduced due to independent mechanisms that secondarily impair the function of the filtration angle. The worldwide prevalence of childhood blindness ranges from 0.03% in high-income countries to 0.12% in undeveloped countries. The majority of cases do not have an identified genetic mutation and, where the mutation is known, the genes often account for only a small proportion of cases. Several pathogenetic mechanisms are known to contribute to the development of childhood glaucoma. Whatever the cause, it results in a reduced aqueous outflow at the level of the trabecular meshwork. Age of onset and magnitude of the elevated IOP largely determine the clinical manifestation the high variability of clinical manifestations. Glaucoma from any cause in a neonate and infant is characterized by the classic triad of epiphora, photophobia, and blepharospasm, and could be associated with eye enlargement (buphthalmos) and Haab striae. The eye examination, usually performed under general anesthesia, includes: tonometry, anterior-segment examination, gonioscopy, corneal diameter and axial length measurement, dilated fundoscopy with optic-nerve-head evaluation. Medical therapy, considering the high frequency of side effects, is generally used as temporizing IOP-lowering treatment before surgery or as adjuvant treatment postoperatively in case of partially successful procedures for refractory glaucomas. Surgery is the nodal point of the management of refractory childhood glaucoma, so it is crucial to opt for a forward-looking strategy to reach the target IOP and minimize the visual loss.

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“…In order to synthesize the target inhibitors carboxly group of pyrazol carboxylic acides were reacted with the amino group of 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonanide 1 and thus it were obtained amide derivatives of pyrazole carboxylic acids (18 -23) (Scheme -1) [14,15]. To prepare these compounds, firstly carboxyl group was activated by thionyl chloride Later amino thiadiazole with activated pirazole carboxylic acid were refluxed to obtain amides of pirazole carboxylic acids (18 -23) For synthesis of target compounds, pyrazole carboxylic acids 12 (12 -17) (432 mg,1 mmol) was dissolved in 50 mL of dry and freshly distilled THF.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Organic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, such systemic inhibitors have not been used in the treatment of glaucoma for decades. Recently dorzolamide 3 and brinzolamide 4 have been available for clinical use as topically acting inhibitors [14][15][16]. These drugs have been shown to reduce intraocular pressure exclusively by lowering the aqueous humour flow [2,[17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amide derivatives with pyrazole carboxylic acids of 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole 2-sulfonamide as new carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: Synthesis and investigation of inhibitory effects

Bülbül

Kasımoğulları

Küfrevioğlu

2008

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry

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The Additive Effect of Topical Dorzolamide and Systemic Acetazolamide in Pediatric Glaucoma

Cited by 32 publications

References 24 publications

Clinical outcomes after Ahmed valve implantation in refractory paediatric glaucoma

Clinical outcomes after Ahmed valve implantation in refractory paediatric glaucoma

Pediatric glaucoma: current perspectives

Amide derivatives with pyrazole carboxylic acids of 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole 2-sulfonamide as new carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: Synthesis and investigation of inhibitory effects

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