The additive intraocular pressure-lowering effect of latanoprost 0.005% daily once and pilocarpine 2% t.i.d. in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension

Diestelhorst, Michael

doi:10.1007/s004170050375

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…130,176,177 Addition of latanoprost to pilocarpine therapy does not appear to diminish uveoscleral outflow 178,179 but is instead additive, 178,[180][181][182][183] contrary to thoughts that ciliary muscle contraction with cholinergics hinders uveoscleral outflow. 179 In subjects (n = 115) with uncontrolled IOP on β-blocker monotherapy, adjunctive latanoprost (23.5%) or brimonidine (22.8%) were comparable in%IOPR at peak effect at one month, but brimonidine was better tolerated than latanoprost.…”

Section: Adjunctive Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…137 The mean 24-hour diurnal curve was 19.2 ± 2.6 mmHg for latanoprost alone vs 16.7 ± 2.1 mmHg for FCLT in another trial. 197 A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials of 1 to 3 months' duration 198 documented greater pooled IOP change from baseline with concomitant latanoprost and timolol (−6.0 mmHg), 67,130,176 than FCLT (−3.0 mmHg), 137,142 concomitant dorzolamide and timolol (−4.1 mmHg at trough and −4.9 mmHg at peak), or FCDT (−3.8 mmHg at trough and −4.9 mmHg at peak). Omission of the evening timolol dose with FCLT possibly explains the large difference in IOP between fixed and concomitant use.…”

Section: Pga/timolol Fixed Combinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical utility and differential effects of prostaglandin analogs in the management of raised intraocular pressure and ocular hypertension

Lee

McCluskey

2010

OPTH

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Prostaglandin analogs (PGA) are powerful topical ocular hypotensive agents available for the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Latanoprost 0.005% and travoprost 0.004% are prodrugs and analogs of prostaglandin F2α. Bimatoprost 0.03% is regarded as a prostamide, and debate continues as to whether it is a prodrug. The free acids of all 3 PGAs reduce IOP by enhancing uveoscleral and trabecular outflow via direct effects on ciliary muscle relaxation and remodeling of extracellular matrix. The vast majority of clinical trials demonstrate IOP-lowering superiority of latanoprost, bimatoprost and travoprost compared with timolol 0.5%, brimonidine 0.2%, or dorzolamide 2% monotherapy. Bimatoprost appears to be more efficacious in IOPlowering compared with latanoprost, with weighted mean difference in IOP reduction documented in one meta-analysis of 2.59% to 5.60% from 1-to 6-months study duration. PGAs reduce IOP further when used as adjunctive therapy. Fixed combinations of latanoprost, bimatoprost or travoprost formulated with timolol 0.5% and administered once daily are superior to monotherapy of its constituent parts. PGA have near absence of systemic side effects, although do have other commonly encountered ocular adverse effects. The adverse effects of PGA, and also those found more frequently with bimatoprost use include ocular hyperemia, eyelash growth, and peri-ocular pigmentary changes. Iris pigmentary change is unique to PGA treatment. Once daily administration and near absence of systemic side effects enhances tolerance and compliance. PGAs are often prescribed as first-line treatment for ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma.

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Section: Adjunctive Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pga/timolol Fixed Combinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical utility and differential effects of prostaglandin analogs in the management of raised intraocular pressure and ocular hypertension

Lee

McCluskey

2010

OPTH

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“…The additional IOP reduction after six months was 24% for latanoprost and 20% for pilocarpine (2%) when these agents were added once or three times daily, respectively, to the eyes of 242 patients not adequately controlled on monotherapy with timolol [77]. Of 148 patients, also inadequately controlled with timolol alone each received additional treatment with either latanoprost once daily or pilocarpine three times daily, or their therapy was switched to latanoprost alone [76].…”

Section: β-Adrenergic Receptor Antagonistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic potential of prostaglandin analogues in glaucoma

Lindén

2001

Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs

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One of the most recent contributions to the therapeutic arsenal available for the treatment of glaucoma is the prostaglandin (PG) analogues. They represent a new class of ocular hypotensive drugs, targeting the uveoscleral outflow of ocular aqueous humour. Two drugs, latanoprost and unoprostone, are presently commercially available. In terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction, latanoprost is the most powerful drug in clinical use today. The once daily dosing promotes compliance. Additional effect is achieved in combination with other hypotensive drugs, including those that increase trabecular outflow facility. The most frequent side effect is increased iris pigmentation that seems to be irreversible. A low frequency of cystoid macular oedema has been reported, predominantly in patients whose blood-retinal barrier (BRB) is compromised. Systemic side effects are rare. The experience with unoprostone is still much less than that with latanoprost. The ocular hypotensive mechanism of action of unoprostone is not well documented but an increase in uveoscleral outflow may be at least a part of its mode of action. Systemic side effects are rare and the ocular side effects seem to be mild. The ocular hypotensive effect is less than that of latanoprost and may not be suitable for monotherapy. It is widely accepted that the IOP alone is not responsible for the development of glaucomatous visual defects. It remains to be seen if this class of drugs will preserve vision in glaucoma patients better than other classes. More PG analogues are under development for potential clinical use.

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“…A combination of several drugs, including prostaglandin analogues, b-blockers, cholinergic agonists, adrenergic agonists, a 2 -stimulants, a 1 -blockers, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, have been reported to be effective. [1][2][3][4][5][6] These studies were carried out at the time when additional drugs were first administered in patients already receiving 1 drug. Several investigators demonstrated that patients with less dosing showed better adherence and higher persistency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Single Glaucoma Medication in Combined Latanoprost and Timolol XE Therapy in Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension: A Discontinuation Study

Kobayashi¹

2012

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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The additive intraocular pressure-lowering effect of latanoprost 0.005% daily once and pilocarpine 2% t.i.d. in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension

Cited by 25 publications

References 15 publications

Clinical utility and differential effects of prostaglandin analogs in the management of raised intraocular pressure and ocular hypertension

Clinical utility and differential effects of prostaglandin analogs in the management of raised intraocular pressure and ocular hypertension

Therapeutic potential of prostaglandin analogues in glaucoma

Efficacy of Single Glaucoma Medication in Combined Latanoprost and Timolol XE Therapy in Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension: A Discontinuation Study

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