The adjuvanticity of Algammulin, a new vaccine adjuvant

Cooper, Penny; McComb, Christine; Steele, Edward J.

doi:10.1016/0264-410x(91)90127-r

Cited by 45 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It contains only fructose with small amounts of glucose and is essentially a linear (unbranched) b-D-(2 → 1) polyfructofuranosyl a-D-flucose. γ-Inulin and related compounds, such as algamulin have been successfully tested in combination with antigens including ovalbumin, tetanus toxoid, syncytial respiratory virus, E7 protein of Human Papilloma Virus, glycoprotein D from Herpes Virus 2, Hepatitis B surface antigen, Influenza, Haemophilus influenzae and Plasmodium falciparum antigens across a wide range of species including mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, horses, monkeys, and man [24][25][26]. Inulin-derived adjuvants produce strong Th1 and Th2 immune responses as demonstrated by antibody isotyping (Fig.…”

Section: Advantages Of Inulin-based Adjuvantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel human polysaccharide adjuvants with dual Th1 and Th2 potentiating activity

Petrovsky

2006

Vaccine

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Pure soluble, recombinant and synthetic antigens, despite their better tolerability, are unfortunately often much less immunogenic than live or killed whole organism vaccines. Thus, the move towards the development of safer subunit vaccines has created a major need for more potent adjuvants. In particular, there is an urgent need for adjuvants capable of boosting cellular (Th1) immunity but without unacceptable toxicity. The adjuvant activity of aluminium compounds (aluminium phosphate or hydroxide) was first described by Glenny and colleagues in 1926. Surprisingly, despite the description of over one hundred adjuvants in the scientific literature, alum remains the only adjuvant approved for human use in the USA. Unfortunately, alum has no effect on cellular immunity and is faced with increasing concerns regarding potential for cumulative aluminium toxicity. Why then has alum not been replaced in human vaccines? Despite the enormous number of candidates, potency has invariably been associated with increased toxicity, and this more than anything else has precluded their use, particularly in prophylactic vaccines where safety issues are paramount. Hence, there is a major unmet need for a safe efficacious adjuvant capable of boosting cellular plus humoral immunity. The extensive data on inulin-based adjuvants indicate that these are excellent candidates to replace alum as the adjuvant of choice for many vaccines. Particular advantages offered by inulin-based adjuvants is that they induce cellular in addition to humoral immunity and offer excellent safety, tolerability, ease of manufacture and formulation. Thus, adjuvants based on inulin have enormous potential for use in vaccines against both pathogens and cancer.

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Section: Advantages Of Inulin-based Adjuvantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel human polysaccharide adjuvants with dual Th1 and Th2 potentiating activity

Petrovsky

2006

Vaccine

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“…Subclasses IgG 2a, 2b and 3 were boosted several hundred fold, IgG I some to-fold and IgM and IgA 4-to 6-fold. In a subsequent study (Cooper, McComb and Steele, 1991), IgE was shown to respond like IgA and IgM. In general, the isotype and subclass profiles were boosted in the same ratio as those found in the naive animal.…”

Section: Gamma Inulin As Vaccine Adjuvantmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…The hybrid Algammulin particles were shown (Cooper, McComb and Steele, 1991) to have a vaccine adjuvant activity for KLH much greater (6-to 17-fold, P<O.OOl) than either component alone or in simple mixture. The two are apparently synergistic when combined in the same particle.…”

Section: Algammulin As Vaccine Adjuvantmentioning

confidence: 98%

Vaccines

1995

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A series presenting the results of activities sponsored by the NATO Science Committee, which aims at the dissemination of advanced scientific and technological knowledge, with a view to strengthening links between scientific communities. The series is published by an international board of publishers in conjunction with theThe electronic index to the NATO ASI Series provides full bibliographical references (with keywords and/or abstracts) to about 50,000 contributions from international scientists published in all sections of the NATO ASI Series. Access to the NATO-PCO-DATA BASE is possible in two ways:-via online FILE 128 (NATO-PCO-DATA BASE) hosted by ESRIN, All rights reserved 96-4871 CIPNo part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher

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“…Inulin is a natural, plant-derived polysaccharide derived from fructose and glucose. Specific isoforms of inulin have the unique ability to enhance antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses without inducing reactogenicity or other evidence of a danger signal [2][3][4][32][33][34][35][36]. Advax does not induce inflammatory cytokine production, thereby, apparently refuting the idea that danger signals are essential for potent adaptive immune responses.…”

Section: Freeing Vaccine Adjuvants From Dangerous Immunological Dogmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Freeing vaccine adjuvants from dangerous immunological dogma

Petrovsky¹

2008

Expert Review of Vaccines

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The adjuvanticity of Algammulin, a new vaccine adjuvant

Cited by 45 publications

References 6 publications

Novel human polysaccharide adjuvants with dual Th1 and Th2 potentiating activity

Novel human polysaccharide adjuvants with dual Th1 and Th2 potentiating activity

Vaccines

Freeing vaccine adjuvants from dangerous immunological dogma

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