“…In the security aspect, most researches in hospitality mainly focused on crime issues (George, 2003;Harper, 2001) and terrorist attacks (Singh et al, 2004). On the other hand, safety concerns of past studies involved natural disasters, such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) (Budd, Bell, & Brown, 2009) and Hurricane Katrina in 2005 (Trotter & Fernandez, 2009), fire safety (Chen, Chuang, Huang, Lin, & Chien, 2012;Serbulea & Payyappallimana, 2012;Sierra, Rubio-Romero, & Gámez, 2012;Wanga, Wang, Wang, & Shih, 2015), and improper infrastructure designs for cuts, falls, slips, and related accidents (Enz & Taylor, 2002). In addition to the safety and security problems mentioned above, however, some other specific problems, especially safety threats, exist in hot spring tourism itself.…”