The advance of surgical blades in cutting soft biological tissue: a review

Liu, Zhihua; Wang, Chengyong; Chen, Zhihua; Sui, Jianbo

doi:10.1007/s00170-021-06615-4

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 81 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Third, the cutting becomes steady and the crack propagates. This approach has been used to describe the cutting of a bulk tissue, 33 the cutting of a thin biological membrane (e.g. skin), 34 and the insertion of a needle into a tissue.…”

Section: Cutting Multicellular Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When cutting tissues, a lower cutting force is desirable as it typically leads to smaller tissue deformation, yields a higher quality cut, and reduces unnecessary damage to both the blade and the tissue. 33,43 For typical conditions when using a surgical blade or needle, the required force is on the order of 1 -10 N for liver (toughness ~160 J/m 2 ) 36 , aorta (~1 kJ/m 2 ), 44 and elastomer surrogates (~2-4 kJ/m 2 ). 43,45 From the theory above, sharper cutting tools reduce JIC and thus reduce the cutting force F. Experiments on using surgical blades have found that smaller blade wedge angles and tip radii (i.e., sharper blades), moderate blade inclination angles, and faster cutting speeds contribute to lower force and tool displacement required to initiate a fracture and cut the tissue.…”

Section: Cutting Multicellular Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…43,45 From the theory above, sharper cutting tools reduce JIC and thus reduce the cutting force F. Experiments on using surgical blades have found that smaller blade wedge angles and tip radii (i.e., sharper blades), moderate blade inclination angles, and faster cutting speeds contribute to lower force and tool displacement required to initiate a fracture and cut the tissue. 33,[43][44][45]…”

Section: Cutting Multicellular Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stiffer materials are preferred, as they deform and break less easily and cut more efficiently. 33 Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) has a stiffness of ~2 MPa, 50,51 far less than that of steel scalpel blades (~180-200 GPa) and some tissues. 52 Nevertheless, PDMS blades have been successful in cutting very soft cells and organoids (see Section 3).…”

Section: Implications For the Design Of Microfluidic Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Microfluidic Surgery in Single Cells and Multicellular Systems

Zhang¹,

Nadkarni²,

Paul³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microscale surgery on single cells and small organisms have enabled major advances in fundamental biology and in engineering biological systems. Examples of applications range from wound healing and regeneration studies to the generation of hybridoma to produce monoclonal antibodies. Even today, these surgical operations are often performed manually, but they are labor-intensive and lack reproducibility. Microfluidics has emerged as a powerful technology to control and manipulate cells and multicellular systems at the micro- and nanoscale with high precision. Here, we review the physical and chemical mechanisms of microscale surgery, and the corresponding design principles, applications, and implementations in microfluidic systems. We consider four types of surgical operations: 1) Sectioning, which splits a biological entity into multiple parts, 2) ablation, which destroys part of an entity, 3) biopsy, which extracts materials from within a living cell, and 4) fusion, which joins multiple entities into one. For each type of surgery, we summarize the motivating applications and the microfluidic devices developed. Throughout the review, we highlight existing challenges and opportunities. We hope that this review will inspire scientists and engineers to continue to explore and improve microfluidic surgical methods.

show abstract

Section: Cutting Multicellular Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cutting Multicellular Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cutting Multicellular Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For the Design Of Microfluidic Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Microfluidic Surgery in Single Cells and Multicellular Systems

Zhang¹,

Nadkarni²,

Paul³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…5 There is a large body of research on tissue-tool interaction during processes such as puncturing, drilling, shearing, and slicing. [6][7][8] Several studies have been published on the puncture mechanical properties of soft tissue and bone tissue based on in vitro puncture experiments. A number of mechanical models have been established, as well as methods to control the puncture path of needles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on cutting force of reaming porcine bone and substitute bone

Liu

Sui

Chen

et al. 2021

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Accurate mechanical feedback systems are critical to the successful implementation of virtual and robotic surgical assistant systems. Experimental measurements of reaming force could further our understanding of the cancellous bone reaming process during hip arthroplasty to help develop surgical simulators with realistic force effects and improve the protection mechanism of robot-assisted surgical systems. In this study, reaming experiments with natural bone (porcine femur) and a bone substitute (polyurethane blocks) were performed on a CNC lathe. This paper proposes using the maximum reaming force of the steady reaming stage to represent the force characteristic. The reaming force is biased to one side in the overlap direction and the maximum reaming force will vary when the reamer is not coincident with the long axis of the bone. The diameter of the reamer has the greatest influence on reaming force, which clearly increases with increasing reamer diameter. During operation, a medium rotation speed and high feed speed can reduce the reaming force. After cutting, the morphology of the cut surface is not flat, but arc-shaped, which will have a significant impact on implantation of the femoral prosthesis. In in vitro cutting experiments, polyurethane blocks can be used as a substitute for cancellous bone.

show abstract