“…Excessive heat stress can disrupt metabolic balance, involving mainly the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, resulting in multi-organ dysfunction. 1 The body's intestine is not only responsible for nutrient digestion and absorption, it also provides a protective barrier against pathogens. However, in heat stress conditions, blood flows to the surface to heat dissipate while maintaining the blood supply to the heart and brain, which leaves the intestinal vulnerable to ischemia and hypoxia, and can result in impaired intestinal mucosal integrity with oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.…”