The aetiology of depression in the carers of dementia sufferers

Ballard, Clive; Saad, Karim; Coope, B.; Graham, Candida; Gahir, Manjit; Wilcock, Gordon; Oyebode, Femi

doi:10.1016/0165-0327(95)00041-k

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In contrast, Ballard et al (1995) report an association between dementia severity and depression in coresident carers. There is little information on how (or whether) the other diseases of cognitively impaired subjects aect their informal caregivers.…”

Section: Subject Clinical Predictorsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Clinical diagnoses and disability of cognitively impaired older persons as predictors of stress in their carers

Cullen

Grayson

Jorm

1997

Int. J. Geriat. Psychiatry

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Section: Subject Clinical Predictorsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Clinical diagnoses and disability of cognitively impaired older persons as predictors of stress in their carers

Cullen

Grayson

Jorm

1997

Int. J. Geriat. Psychiatry

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“…The limited research that differentiates individual symptoms is largely exploratory and does not simultaneously control for the impact of multiple BPSD (8–11). Furthermore, when differentiated, BPSD are categorized broadly based on the patient’s clinical manifestations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Differential Impact of Unique Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms for the Dementia Caregiver: How and Why Do Patients' Individual Symptom Clusters Impact Caregiver Depressive Symptoms?

Ornstein

Gaugler

Devanand

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

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Objectives The behavioral and psychological symptoms associated with dementia (BPSD) are highly burdensome to caregivers. While BPSD consist of a wide variety of patient behaviors including depression, physical aggression and paranoid delusions, it remains unclear whether specific symptoms have a differential impact on caregivers. The aims of this study were (1) to assess how individual BPSD symptoms, categorized based on how they may affect caregivers, impact depressive symptoms for dementia patient caregivers and (2) to test the pathways by which BPSD symptom clusters impact caregiver depressive symptoms. Design Cross-sectional analysis of data from a longitudinal study of patients with Alzheimer’s disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Setting Multiple U.S. dementia clinics. Participants 160 patient-caregiver dyads. Methods Using multivariate GEE logistic models, we analyzed the relationship between four BPSD symptom clusters (patient depressive symptoms, accusatory/aggressive behaviors, non-threatening psychotic symptoms, and difficult to manage behaviors) and caregiver depressive symptoms and assessed mediators of these relationships. Results Only the presence of patient depressive symptoms was associated with caregiver depression (OR=1.55; 95% CI=1.14–2.1). This relationship was mediated by both caregiver report of the symptom’s impact on the patient and perceived burden to caregivers. Conclusions Patient depressive symptoms may be the most important driver of the relationship between BPSD and caregiver depression. Research in this field should further test the effects of individual BPSD symptoms and should also consider how symptoms may negatively impact caregivers by increasing burden and evoking empathy for the patient.

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“…The limited research which has distinguished between symptoms is mainly exploratory and does not control for the effect of multiple BPSD (Ballard et al, 1995;Gonzalez-Salvador et al, 1999;Neundorfer et al, 2001;Lim et al, 2008). However, have advanced the field by examining how and why symptoms clusters impact caregiver depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the relationship between behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) and caregiver well-being

Feast

Moniz-Cook

Stoner

et al. 2016

Int. Psychogeriatr.

223

203

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Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD) are important predictors of institutionalization as well as caregiver burden and depression. Previous reviews have tended to group BPSD as one category with little focus on the role of the individual symptoms. This review investigates the role of the individual symptoms of BPSD in relation to the impact on different measures of family caregiver well-being.

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The aetiology of depression in the carers of dementia sufferers

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Clinical diagnoses and disability of cognitively impaired older persons as predictors of stress in their carers

Clinical diagnoses and disability of cognitively impaired older persons as predictors of stress in their carers

The Differential Impact of Unique Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms for the Dementia Caregiver: How and Why Do Patients' Individual Symptom Clusters Impact Caregiver Depressive Symptoms?

A systematic review of the relationship between behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) and caregiver well-being

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